{"id":5794,"date":"2026-10-23T20:57:03","date_gmt":"2026-10-23T17:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/?p=5794"},"modified":"2026-10-25T22:33:17","modified_gmt":"2026-10-25T19:33:17","slug":"four_instruments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/news\/four_instruments\/","title":{"rendered":"Four Instruments","raw":"Four Instruments"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

On 15 July 2026, the Leninski District Court of Mahiliou designated the website eu4belarus.info as \u201cextremist materials\u201d. It is the website of EU4Belarus, a programme funded by the European Union. The same ruling covered the website of Lithuania\u2019s Central Project Management Agency (cpva.lt), which administers the programme, and the agency\u2019s pages on LinkedIn and X.<\/p>\n

From that day on, anyone in Belarus who forwards material from these resources risks a fine, community service or up to 15 days of arrest, and the phone used for the repost is confiscated. Nobody notified the agency. Nobody warned the readers.<\/p>\n

In Belarus, this is what international conferences call \u201cthe impact of disinformation on civil society\u201d. The main disinformation actor working against Belarusian civil society organisations is the state itself. It has four instruments: it takes the word, sticks on a label, passes a law and goes after the sources. Each of them can be measured. Below we measure them on the FORESIGHT corpus: some 6.7 million documents from Belarusian state and independent media, Telegram and YouTube.<\/p>\n

Instrument one: the word<\/strong><\/p>\n

Before fighting civil society, the state took the concept itself.<\/p>\n

We traced every use of the phrase \u201ccivil society\u201d in Belarusian media from January 2021 to September 2026: 16,780 documents. For each state-media document we identified the frame. In the regime frame, \u201ccivil society\u201d means pro-government organisations, the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly (VNS) and \u201cconstructive forces\u201d. In the independent frame, it means human rights defenders, independent initiatives and political prisoners. The substitution index is the share of the regime frame among the documents where the frame can be identified.<\/p>\n

\n\"Fig.<\/p>\n

Fig. 1. Substitution index: the share of state-media documents that use \u201ccivil society\u201d in the regime frame.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

In 2021 the index stood at 79%. At that time the concept was still attacked head-on. With the start of the war in 2022 it rose to 95%, and then to 98\u201399%. It has not fallen below 89% since: nine out of ten mentions of \u201ccivil society\u201d in state media refer to organisations created or recognised by the state.<\/p>\n

More telling than the level is how the words used for the substitution have changed.<\/p>\n

\n\"Fig.<\/p>\n

Fig. 2. Substitution markers in state media, by group.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

In the first half of 2021, 77% of the substitution markers built the image of an enemy: \u201cso-called civil society\u201d, \u201cfifth column\u201d, \u201cfinancing of protests\u201d. In the second half of 2022, legal status took over: the phrase \u201csubjects of civil society\u201d and its neighbours accounted for 44% of the markers, 66% in the first half of 2023 and 60% in 2024.<\/p>\n

The legal vocabulary followed a chain of legal acts. The constitutional amendments put to the referendum of 27 February 2022 introduced Chapter 3\u00b9 on the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly, and \u201crepresentatives of civil society\u201d are named among its delegates. Who exactly they are was settled by two laws in February 2023. On 7 February the head of the regime signed<\/a> Law No. 248-Z \u201cOn the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly\u201d, which gives civil society up to 400 seats<\/a> in the Assembly. On 14 February came Law No. 250-Z \u201cOn the Fundamentals of Civil Society\u201d. According to the Ministry of Justice, it introduced \u201cconcepts new to our legal system\u201d<\/a>: \u201ccivil society\u201d and \u201csubjects of civil society\u201d.<\/p>\n

The law distinguishes between subjects of civil society in general and those entitled to \u201cspecial forms of interaction\u201d with the state. The main such form is electing delegates to the VNS. Confirming this entitlement is the task of the Ministry of Justice, and only the largest structures meet the criteria<\/a>: a republican public association with regional and Minsk branches and at least 100,000 adult members or, for trade unions, an association that unites at least half of all trade unions registered in the country. In May 2023 the Ministry of Justice decided<\/a> to classify five organisations as subjects of civil society \u201centitled to interact with state bodies (organisations) in special forms\u201d: the republican public association Belaya Rus, the Belarusian Public Association of Veterans, the public associations Belarusian Republican Youth Union and Belarusian Union of Women, and the Federation of Trade Unions of Belarus. All five are pro-government, as Zerkalo pointed out at once<\/a>, and in 2024 it was they<\/a> who elected the civil society delegates.<\/p>\n

Announcing the decision on 22 May 2023, the ministry listed the objectives<\/a> of this interaction. First comes \u201censuring civic (popular) unity\u201d, followed by \u201censuring the independence, state sovereignty and territorial integrity\u201d of the country, \u201corganising constructive interaction\u2026 aimed at strengthening trust in the institutions of state power\u201d, patriotic education based on \u201cpreserving the historical truth and memory of the Belarusian people\u201d, and \u201cstrengthening the single community \u2018the Belarusian people\u2019\u201d. Holding power to account is not on the list. Civil society is given the role of a pillar of the state. The concept was no longer mocked: it was rewritten in law.<\/p>\n

Then the substitution entered security doctrine. The updated National Security Concept, which the VNS approved in April 2024<\/a>, names<\/a> as an internal source of threats in the political sphere \u201can insufficient level of development of the subjects of a civil society that serves national interests\u201d. The list itself has been left open: in March 2024 the head of the regime proposed<\/a> not to close the question, because \u201cnew subjects of civil society may appear\u201d. Who joins the list next is for the Ministry of Justice to decide.<\/p>\n

There is a flip side. Independent media increasingly use the concept only in their own frame: from 88% in early 2021 to 93\u201396% in 2025\u20132026. Their share of neutral uses fell from 56% to 39\u201341%. The two parts of the Belarusian information space use one word for different things, and they have almost no common language left.<\/p>\n

Instrument two: the label<\/strong><\/p>\n

State rhetoric calls those who left Belarus after 2020 \u201crunaways\u201d (\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0435). We traced the history of the word and the corpus data in detail in September: \u201cRunaways\u201d: a short history of a word propaganda picked up without looking<\/a> (in Russian). What matters here is how the label fits into the chain.<\/p>\n

In our corpus, the label was first used by the anonymous pro-government Telegram channel \u201cBelarus i Mir\u201d on 7 September 2020. On 10 November the head of the regime said the word in public; BelTA, CTV and SB. Belarus Segodnya picked it up the same day, and from 17 November it appeared in the state news agency\u2019s headlines. In January 2021 state media used it in 189 documents, and in 168 of them without any reference to the head of the regime, in their own editorial voice. Anonymous channel, the man at the top, editorial: each step took about two months. This is what laundering a label looks like.<\/p>\n

The label grows a vocabulary around it. The share of contexts in which \u201crunaways\u201d comes with dehumanising words rose from 9% in 2020 to 24% in 2026. The most frequent neighbours are \u201czmagary\u201d (a slur for opposition activists), \u201cextremists\u201d, \u201ctraitors\u201d and \u201cpuppets\u201d.<\/p>\n

After the January 2025 election, the label went back to where it had come from.<\/p>\n

\n\"Fig.<\/p>\n

Fig. 3. Documents carrying the label \u201crunaways\u201d per 1,000 documents of the source.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Per thousand documents, CTV cut its rate from 15 to 8, SB. Belarus Segodnya from 5.4 to 2.8, BelTA from 4.6 to 2.3 and Grodnenskaya Pravda from 36 to 11. The volume of these outlets did not change; their vocabulary did. Over the same period the anonymous channel \u201cZheltye Slivy Belarus\u201d went from 98 to 186 per thousand posts: the label appears in almost one post in five. The official voice stepped back, the anonymous layer works in its place, and nobody there answers for the wording.<\/p>\n

The label is also spread by those who oppose it. About half of the mentions of \u201crunaways\u201d in independent media are quotations of the head of the regime.<\/p>\n

We wrote about the same labels on TikTok in July 2025: Toxic hashtags of Belarusian TikTok<\/a> (in Russian).<\/p>\n

Instrument three: the law<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Ministry of Information maintains the Republican List of Extremist Materials. We collected and analysed it in full: every entry since 2008.<\/p>\n

What the reader risks.<\/strong> Distributing materials from the list, as well as producing, storing or transporting them for distribution, is punishable under Part 2 of Article 19.11 of the Code of Administrative Offences: a fine of 10 to 30 base units, community service or arrest for up to 15 days, with confiscation of the device. Courts treat a repost or a forward as distribution. In 2023 the Maskouski District Court of Brest sentenced a man to 12 days of arrest for 30 \u201clikes\u201d on YouTube<\/a>: in the court\u2019s logic, likes boost a channel\u2019s ranking. Reading as such is not punishable under the letter of the law, according to lawyers<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Scale.<\/strong> As of September 2026 the list holds 6,018 court rulings issued by 159 courts. The instrument has existed since 2008 but was rarely used before 2020: 36 rulings in 2016, 22 in 2019, 19 in 2020. In 2021 there were 427, in 2024 1,462, and 977 in the first seven and a half months of 2026. The number of courts issuing such rulings grew from seven in 2020 to between 85 and 112 a year.<\/p>\n

No time to pause.<\/strong> 96.9% of rulings take effect on the day they are issued: there is no window in which the material is still legal and the ruling can be appealed. Previously, an average of 12 days passed between a ruling and its entry into force, roughly the length of the appeal period. The first ruling with immediate effect appeared in October 2020; in March 2021 such rulings outnumbered ordinary ones, and from April 2021 there were almost no others. The package of anti-extremism amendments was signed only in May 2021. The courts adopted the new practice before the law formalised it.<\/p>\n

Geography.<\/strong> At least one ruling has been issued in each of the country\u2019s 118 districts. Yet the load is very uneven.<\/p>\n

\n\"Fig.<\/p>\n

Fig. 4. Rulings designating materials as extremist, by district.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n\"Fig.<\/p>\n

Fig. 5. 13 of 118 districts produce two thirds of the rulings.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

The busiest courts are not only in regional centres. The single court of Maladzechna district issued 236 rulings, about twenty times as many as the median district. Baranavichy, Pukhavichy and Minsk district outpace some regional centres. Nine of the twenty most active courts are in Minsk region.<\/p>\n

Foreign resources.<\/strong> 288 rulings concern foreign websites; they were issued by 41 courts. They include EU4Belarus and the Lithuanian agency, EUvsDisinfo (the EU\u2019s counter-disinformation service), Euronews, the Polish Press Agency, Estonia\u2019s Postimees, and the Instagram accounts of the International Society for Human Rights, the Human Rights House Foundation, FIDH and Ukraine\u2019s Center for Civil Liberties, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate. Over the years Minsk has issued the largest number of such rulings, but in 2026 this work moved: 37% of this year\u2019s foreign rulings came from courts in Mahiliou region, above all the Leninski District Court of Mahiliou and the Horki District Court.<\/p>\n

The register cannot reach anyone abroad. It cuts the tie on the side of the person in Belarus: contact with a foreign organisation becomes punishable inside the country. Freedom House describes this mechanism as coercion by proxy, one of the forms of transnational repression. Here it is measured.<\/p>\n

A register written in pencil.<\/strong> The date on which a ruling takes effect is entered into the register by hand. In August 2026, for 75 entries from 31 courts, this date was replaced in one batch with 17 August, shifting it by up to a month, and in September it was just as quietly changed back. The batch included foreign resources, EUvsDisinfo and eu4belarus.info among them. From the public register, a citizen cannot establish whether a material was banned on a given day, although liability runs from exactly that date. There is almost no movement in the other direction: in eighteen years six entries have been cancelled, 0.1% of the list. More on this in our series on the register.<\/p>\n

Instrument four: the sources<\/strong><\/p>\n

The fourth instrument targets those who supply organisations with information.<\/p>\n

Belaruski Hajun was a citizens\u2019 project that monitored the movement of Russian troops across Belarus. Ordinary people sent it what they saw from their windows. We collected every report of prosecutions linked to the project from 5,497 publications in 73 sources. We identified 212 people, 188 of them by name, and 183 have been sentenced; Viasna counted at least 183 defendants as of 24 February 2026. The largest occupational group is IT specialists, 28 people; former military and security-service personnel come third, with 14. The largest age group is 30 to 39: 60 of the 162 people whose age is known. Women make up 28% of those prosecuted. A third of all cases come from Homel region, where the troops were stationed: 57 people, or 4.29 per 100,000 inhabitants. Average sentences by region range from 3 to 3.75 years; sentences in absentia reach 20 years.<\/p>\n

\n\"Fig.<\/p>\n

Fig. 6. Publications about Hajun by criminal-procedure vocabulary, February 2025 \u2013 July 2026.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

In February 2025 the project\u2019s bot was hacked, Hajun shut down, and a wave of arrests began: 351 publications in a month. Then came silence: the detainees were in pre-trial detention, and there was nothing to write about. The wave of sentences came fourteen months later, in April 2026: 495 publications with the vocabulary of verdicts and penal colonies. The two phases do not overlap; they take turns.<\/p>\n

The chilling effect is the result. There is no longer any centralised independent monitoring of military activity in Belarus. The same interval, applied to the searches of European Humanities University (EHU) students in June 2026, points to a wave of sentences between June 2027 and January 2028, most likely around August 2027. We will check this forecast on 31 December 2027. In detail: The Hajun case has a map and a clock<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The gendered layer<\/strong><\/p>\n

The same channels that stick on labels produce gender-based digital violence. In September we analysed 2,671 such documents. When a document is itself an act of violence (doxxing, a sexualised fake, mocking a victim, a coerced \u201crepentance\u201d video), in 99% of cases it comes from the state or pro-government segment. The most widespread form, 850 coerced repentance videos, is absent from international typologies altogether. In detail: The State as Perpetrator<\/a>.<\/p>\n

One new case shows how far this mechanism can go. A former political prisoner, under torture by her own account, signed a pledge to cooperate with the KGB while in detention and was given an operational codename. Once abroad, she publicly repudiated the pledge. Four days later an anonymous TikTok account began posting videos in the name of an \u201cagent\u201d with that codename and her face: the \u201cagent\u201d supposedly reports to \u201cthe Centre\u201d on Belarusian emigrants, journalists and organisations.<\/p>\n

\n\"Fig.<\/p>\n

Fig. 7. Views of each video posted by the anonymous account; lime: videos posted as the \u201cagent\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

The account was created in January 2025, two days after the election. Its first two videos were devoted to two male opposition politicians: generated images in which they supposedly congratulate the head of the regime on his victory. These are the account\u2019s most-viewed videos, with 69,000 and 17,000 views. The account never returned to the men. Of the 45 videos that followed, 44 were posted in the name of the \u201cagent\u201d. Together they gathered about 144,000 views; the median video, about a thousand. Inside these \u201creports\u201d the targets have nicknames of their own, and one of them is sexualised.<\/p>\n

Spikes in views coincide with posts in anonymous \u201cleak\u201d Telegram channels. We found 51 mentions, mostly in the same cluster of channels that spread sexualised fakes of a TV presenter in April 2025. The comments under the videos gloat over emigrants in general and rarely mention the woman herself. The account has no mass audience. It works for its own audience and fixes one suspicion in place: anyone who has been released may turn out to be an agent.<\/p>\n

What is faked here is loyalty. The face is real, the codename is real, and the whole construction rests on the coercion itself: the repudiated signature is presented again and again as proof of the opposite. We know of no typology of digital violence that includes this form. The gender dimension shows in the asymmetry: the two men got one image each, while the woman whose signature was extracted in detention got a year and a half of regular \u201creports\u201d. We do not publish the woman\u2019s name, her codename or the name of the account.<\/p>\n

\nConclusions<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. The instruments work in sequence.<\/strong> First the word changes its meaning, then comes the label, then the law, and only then prosecution. Once \u201ccivil society\u201d means pro-government organisations, independent ones become \u201cextremists\u201d almost automatically.<\/p>\n

2. Practice runs ahead of the norm.<\/strong> The label \u201crunaways\u201d travelled from an anonymous channel to the editorial voice in four months. Courts switched to immediate enforcement of \u201cextremist materials\u201d rulings months before the law that formalised it. Early warning is found in anonymous channels and in court practice: official statements come last.<\/p>\n

3. The anonymous layer is both laboratory and fallback voice.<\/strong> Labels are born there, and they return there when they become inconvenient for official media. Gender-based violence and faked loyalty are produced there too. Nobody in that layer answers for the wording.<\/p>\n

4. The blow falls on the reader and the source.<\/strong> The register cannot reach an organisation abroad, but it makes contact with that organisation punishable inside the country. The Hajun case shows the price paid by sources: 212 people.<\/p>\n

5. The instruments are exportable, but they keep a schedule.<\/strong> An EU programme and an agency of an EU member state are already in the register, so any donor project in the region could be next. Yet the mechanism is measurable: the Hajun \u201cclock\u201d gives a forecast for the case of the EHU students, and monitoring words and labels buys time to prepare.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

What this means for organisations in the region<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Belarusian story concerns more than Belarusian organisations.<\/p>\n

Check whether you are on the lists.<\/strong> If you work with Belarusian audiences or Belarusian partners, your website or account may end up in the register without any notice. The risk falls on your reader. FactCheck.LT checks organisations\u2019 domains and accounts against the register free of charge.<\/p>\n

Donor projects have already set a precedent.<\/strong> EU programmes and a state agency of an EU country have been added to the register. That is a template for any donor project in any country that adopts the instrument.<\/p>\n

Do not speak the regime\u2019s words.<\/strong> Defend your own vocabulary: \u201ccivil society\u201d, \u201cpolitical prisoners\u201d, \u201cthose who left\u201d. Do not repeat labels even to refute them: half of the mentions of \u201crunaways\u201d in independent media are quotations.<\/p>\n

Watch the anonymous layer.<\/strong> The label \u201crunaways\u201d appeared in an anonymous channel two months before the head of the regime used it, and four months before it became editorial. That is where to look for new labels.<\/p>\n

Protect your sources before your office.<\/strong> Organise how you receive information so that a hacked channel does not expose the people who send it. Decide in advance what you will never store. Never ask people inside the country to repost anything.<\/p>\n

Keep your own archive.<\/strong> Registers are edited retroactively and publications disappear. Your archive with dates and screenshots may turn out to be the only evidence. The channels are regional and the targets are local: share first signals with your neighbours.<\/p>\n

Method and limitations<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

All data come from the FORESIGHT corpus (FactCheck.LT): some 6.7 million documents from Belarusian state and independent media, Telegram and YouTube.<\/p>\n

The word.<\/strong> The substitution index was computed by version 3.4 of the FORESIGHT agent on 16,780 documents from January 2021 to September 2026, by half-year (2024 and 2026 as whole periods). For Fig. 2, up to the 15 most frequent markers of each phase were counted; in 2021 and 2025 the markers are few (13 to 39 per phase), so the shares there show only the direction. In April 2026 we published a preliminary version of the index with a V-shaped curve (0.78, 1.00, 0.74, 0.96). A recalculation on the expanded corpus with an updated vocabulary does not confirm it: after 2022 the index stays within 89\u201399%. The preliminary values have been replaced.<\/p>\n

The legal chain (the 2022 Constitution, Laws No. 248-Z and No. 250-Z, the Ministry of Justice list) was checked against pravo.by and state-media news in the corpus, the ministry\u2019s own announcement and Central Election Commission materials; links are given in the text.<\/p>\n

The label.<\/strong> The \u201crunaways\u201d data come from the September publication, which describes the method: a window of \u00b1200 characters, homonyms excluded (\u201c\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u201d, a quick glance; \u201c\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0445\u201d, a fugitive oligarch), frequencies normalised to each source\u2019s monthly volume. At that time the corpus held 4.6 million documents; the 2026 data cover January to August. Rates per 1,000 documents are comparable only within one source.<\/p>\n

The law.<\/strong> The register of extremist materials was collected from the Ministry of Information website. Totals are given as of the reload of 15 September 2026 (6,018 entries); the map and the district ranking use the crawl of 17 August (5,952 entries); the share of foreign resources uses the analysis of 2 September. Courts were matched to districts through an explicit table, without automatic name matching. Where one entry names several resources, the count by domain is understated. District boundaries: geoBoundaries (CC-BY).<\/p>\n

The sources.<\/strong> The Hajun data are based on 5,497 publications from 73 sources; 1,077 documents were used to extract information about people. Event dates are given in about a fifth of the mentions; the rest are dated by publication. Fig. 6 is redrawn from a Belarus Brief chart.<\/p>\n

The gendered layer.<\/strong> The account data come from TikTok metadata (Exolyt export, 17 September 2026) and TGStat (51 Telegram mentions, October 2025 \u2013 April 2026). The figures count views; how many people stand behind them is unknown.<\/p>\n

Identifiers of private accounts from the register and from the codename case are not published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false,"raw":"

\r\n\r\n

On 15 July 2026, the Leninski District Court of Mahiliou designated the website eu4belarus.info as \u201cextremist materials\u201d. It is the website of EU4Belarus, a programme funded by the European Union. The same ruling covered the website of Lithuania\u2019s Central Project Management Agency (cpva.lt), which administers the programme, and the agency\u2019s pages on LinkedIn and X.<\/p>\r\n

From that day on, anyone in Belarus who forwards material from these resources risks a fine, community service or up to 15 days of arrest, and the phone used for the repost is confiscated. Nobody notified the agency. Nobody warned the readers.<\/p>\r\n

In Belarus, this is what international conferences call \u201cthe impact of disinformation on civil society\u201d. The main disinformation actor working against Belarusian civil society organisations is the state itself. It has four instruments: it takes the word, sticks on a label, passes a law and goes after the sources. Each of them can be measured. Below we measure them on the FORESIGHT corpus: some 6.7 million documents from Belarusian state and independent media, Telegram and YouTube.<\/p>\r\n\r\nInstrument one: the word<\/strong>\r\n

Before fighting civil society, the state took the concept itself.<\/p>\r\n

We traced every use of the phrase \u201ccivil society\u201d in Belarusian media from January 2021 to September 2026: 16,780 documents. For each state-media document we identified the frame. In the regime frame, \u201ccivil society\u201d means pro-government organisations, the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly (VNS) and \u201cconstructive forces\u201d. In the independent frame, it means human rights defenders, independent initiatives and political prisoners. The substitution index is the share of the regime frame among the documents where the frame can be identified.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 1. Substitution index: the share of state-media documents that use \u201ccivil society\u201d in the regime frame.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

In 2021 the index stood at 79%. At that time the concept was still attacked head-on. With the start of the war in 2022 it rose to 95%, and then to 98\u201399%. It has not fallen below 89% since: nine out of ten mentions of \u201ccivil society\u201d in state media refer to organisations created or recognised by the state.<\/p>\r\n

More telling than the level is how the words used for the substitution have changed.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 2. Substitution markers in state media, by group.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

In the first half of 2021, 77% of the substitution markers built the image of an enemy: \u201cso-called civil society\u201d, \u201cfifth column\u201d, \u201cfinancing of protests\u201d. In the second half of 2022, legal status took over: the phrase \u201csubjects of civil society\u201d and its neighbours accounted for 44% of the markers, 66% in the first half of 2023 and 60% in 2024.<\/p>\r\n

The legal vocabulary followed a chain of legal acts. The constitutional amendments put to the referendum of 27 February 2022 introduced Chapter 3\u00b9 on the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly, and \u201crepresentatives of civil society\u201d are named among its delegates. Who exactly they are was settled by two laws in February 2023. On 7 February the head of the regime signed<\/a> Law No. 248-Z \u201cOn the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly\u201d, which gives civil society up to 400 seats<\/a> in the Assembly. On 14 February came Law No. 250-Z \u201cOn the Fundamentals of Civil Society\u201d. According to the Ministry of Justice, it introduced \u201cconcepts new to our legal system\u201d<\/a>: \u201ccivil society\u201d and \u201csubjects of civil society\u201d.<\/p>\r\n

The law distinguishes between subjects of civil society in general and those entitled to \u201cspecial forms of interaction\u201d with the state. The main such form is electing delegates to the VNS. Confirming this entitlement is the task of the Ministry of Justice, and only the largest structures meet the criteria<\/a>: a republican public association with regional and Minsk branches and at least 100,000 adult members or, for trade unions, an association that unites at least half of all trade unions registered in the country. In May 2023 the Ministry of Justice decided<\/a> to classify five organisations as subjects of civil society \u201centitled to interact with state bodies (organisations) in special forms\u201d: the republican public association Belaya Rus, the Belarusian Public Association of Veterans, the public associations Belarusian Republican Youth Union and Belarusian Union of Women, and the Federation of Trade Unions of Belarus. All five are pro-government, as Zerkalo pointed out at once<\/a>, and in 2024 it was they<\/a> who elected the civil society delegates.<\/p>\r\n

Announcing the decision on 22 May 2023, the ministry listed the objectives<\/a> of this interaction. First comes \u201censuring civic (popular) unity\u201d, followed by \u201censuring the independence, state sovereignty and territorial integrity\u201d of the country, \u201corganising constructive interaction\u2026 aimed at strengthening trust in the institutions of state power\u201d, patriotic education based on \u201cpreserving the historical truth and memory of the Belarusian people\u201d, and \u201cstrengthening the single community \u2018the Belarusian people\u2019\u201d. Holding power to account is not on the list. Civil society is given the role of a pillar of the state. The concept was no longer mocked: it was rewritten in law.<\/p>\r\n

Then the substitution entered security doctrine. The updated National Security Concept, which the VNS approved in April 2024<\/a>, names<\/a> as an internal source of threats in the political sphere \u201can insufficient level of development of the subjects of a civil society that serves national interests\u201d. The list itself has been left open: in March 2024 the head of the regime proposed<\/a> not to close the question, because \u201cnew subjects of civil society may appear\u201d. Who joins the list next is for the Ministry of Justice to decide.<\/p>\r\n

There is a flip side. Independent media increasingly use the concept only in their own frame: from 88% in early 2021 to 93\u201396% in 2025\u20132026. Their share of neutral uses fell from 56% to 39\u201341%. The two parts of the Belarusian information space use one word for different things, and they have almost no common language left.<\/p>\r\nInstrument two: the label<\/strong>\r\n

State rhetoric calls those who left Belarus after 2020 \u201crunaways\u201d (\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0435). We traced the history of the word and the corpus data in detail in September: \u201cRunaways\u201d: a short history of a word propaganda picked up without looking<\/a> (in Russian). What matters here is how the label fits into the chain.<\/p>\r\n

In our corpus, the label was first used by the anonymous pro-government Telegram channel \u201cBelarus i Mir\u201d on 7 September 2020. On 10 November the head of the regime said the word in public; BelTA, CTV and SB. Belarus Segodnya picked it up the same day, and from 17 November it appeared in the state news agency\u2019s headlines. In January 2021 state media used it in 189 documents, and in 168 of them without any reference to the head of the regime, in their own editorial voice. Anonymous channel, the man at the top, editorial: each step took about two months. This is what laundering a label looks like.<\/p>\r\n

The label grows a vocabulary around it. The share of contexts in which \u201crunaways\u201d comes with dehumanising words rose from 9% in 2020 to 24% in 2026. The most frequent neighbours are \u201czmagary\u201d (a slur for opposition activists), \u201cextremists\u201d, \u201ctraitors\u201d and \u201cpuppets\u201d.<\/p>\r\n

After the January 2025 election, the label went back to where it had come from.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 3. Documents carrying the label \u201crunaways\u201d per 1,000 documents of the source.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Per thousand documents, CTV cut its rate from 15 to 8, SB. Belarus Segodnya from 5.4 to 2.8, BelTA from 4.6 to 2.3 and Grodnenskaya Pravda from 36 to 11. The volume of these outlets did not change; their vocabulary did. Over the same period the anonymous channel \u201cZheltye Slivy Belarus\u201d went from 98 to 186 per thousand posts: the label appears in almost one post in five. The official voice stepped back, the anonymous layer works in its place, and nobody there answers for the wording.<\/p>\r\n

The label is also spread by those who oppose it. About half of the mentions of \u201crunaways\u201d in independent media are quotations of the head of the regime.<\/p>\r\n

We wrote about the same labels on TikTok in July 2025: Toxic hashtags of Belarusian TikTok<\/a> (in Russian).<\/p>\r\nInstrument three: the law<\/strong>\r\n

The Ministry of Information maintains the Republican List of Extremist Materials. We collected and analysed it in full: every entry since 2008.<\/p>\r\n

What the reader risks.<\/strong> Distributing materials from the list, as well as producing, storing or transporting them for distribution, is punishable under Part 2 of Article 19.11 of the Code of Administrative Offences: a fine of 10 to 30 base units, community service or arrest for up to 15 days, with confiscation of the device. Courts treat a repost or a forward as distribution. In 2023 the Maskouski District Court of Brest sentenced a man to 12 days of arrest for 30 \u201clikes\u201d on YouTube<\/a>: in the court\u2019s logic, likes boost a channel\u2019s ranking. Reading as such is not punishable under the letter of the law, according to lawyers<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

Scale.<\/strong> As of September 2026 the list holds 6,018 court rulings issued by 159 courts. The instrument has existed since 2008 but was rarely used before 2020: 36 rulings in 2016, 22 in 2019, 19 in 2020. In 2021 there were 427, in 2024 1,462, and 977 in the first seven and a half months of 2026. The number of courts issuing such rulings grew from seven in 2020 to between 85 and 112 a year.<\/p>\r\n

No time to pause.<\/strong> 96.9% of rulings take effect on the day they are issued: there is no window in which the material is still legal and the ruling can be appealed. Previously, an average of 12 days passed between a ruling and its entry into force, roughly the length of the appeal period. The first ruling with immediate effect appeared in October 2020; in March 2021 such rulings outnumbered ordinary ones, and from April 2021 there were almost no others. The package of anti-extremism amendments was signed only in May 2021. The courts adopted the new practice before the law formalised it.<\/p>\r\n

Geography.<\/strong> At least one ruling has been issued in each of the country\u2019s 118 districts. Yet the load is very uneven.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 4. Rulings designating materials as extremist, by district.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 5. 13 of 118 districts produce two thirds of the rulings.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

The busiest courts are not only in regional centres. The single court of Maladzechna district issued 236 rulings, about twenty times as many as the median district. Baranavichy, Pukhavichy and Minsk district outpace some regional centres. Nine of the twenty most active courts are in Minsk region.<\/p>\r\n

Foreign resources.<\/strong> 288 rulings concern foreign websites; they were issued by 41 courts. They include EU4Belarus and the Lithuanian agency, EUvsDisinfo (the EU\u2019s counter-disinformation service), Euronews, the Polish Press Agency, Estonia\u2019s Postimees, and the Instagram accounts of the International Society for Human Rights, the Human Rights House Foundation, FIDH and Ukraine\u2019s Center for Civil Liberties, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate. Over the years Minsk has issued the largest number of such rulings, but in 2026 this work moved: 37% of this year\u2019s foreign rulings came from courts in Mahiliou region, above all the Leninski District Court of Mahiliou and the Horki District Court.<\/p>\r\n

The register cannot reach anyone abroad. It cuts the tie on the side of the person in Belarus: contact with a foreign organisation becomes punishable inside the country. Freedom House describes this mechanism as coercion by proxy, one of the forms of transnational repression. Here it is measured.<\/p>\r\n

A register written in pencil.<\/strong> The date on which a ruling takes effect is entered into the register by hand. In August 2026, for 75 entries from 31 courts, this date was replaced in one batch with 17 August, shifting it by up to a month, and in September it was just as quietly changed back. The batch included foreign resources, EUvsDisinfo and eu4belarus.info among them. From the public register, a citizen cannot establish whether a material was banned on a given day, although liability runs from exactly that date. There is almost no movement in the other direction: in eighteen years six entries have been cancelled, 0.1% of the list. More on this in our series on the register.<\/p>\r\nInstrument four: the sources<\/strong>\r\n

The fourth instrument targets those who supply organisations with information.<\/p>\r\n

Belaruski Hajun was a citizens\u2019 project that monitored the movement of Russian troops across Belarus. Ordinary people sent it what they saw from their windows. We collected every report of prosecutions linked to the project from 5,497 publications in 73 sources. We identified 212 people, 188 of them by name, and 183 have been sentenced; Viasna counted at least 183 defendants as of 24 February 2026. The largest occupational group is IT specialists, 28 people; former military and security-service personnel come third, with 14. The largest age group is 30 to 39: 60 of the 162 people whose age is known. Women make up 28% of those prosecuted. A third of all cases come from Homel region, where the troops were stationed: 57 people, or 4.29 per 100,000 inhabitants. Average sentences by region range from 3 to 3.75 years; sentences in absentia reach 20 years.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 6. Publications about Hajun by criminal-procedure vocabulary, February 2025 \u2013 July 2026.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

In February 2025 the project\u2019s bot was hacked, Hajun shut down, and a wave of arrests began: 351 publications in a month. Then came silence: the detainees were in pre-trial detention, and there was nothing to write about. The wave of sentences came fourteen months later, in April 2026: 495 publications with the vocabulary of verdicts and penal colonies. The two phases do not overlap; they take turns.<\/p>\r\n

The chilling effect is the result. There is no longer any centralised independent monitoring of military activity in Belarus. The same interval, applied to the searches of European Humanities University (EHU) students in June 2026, points to a wave of sentences between June 2027 and January 2028, most likely around August 2027. We will check this forecast on 31 December 2027. In detail: The Hajun case has a map and a clock<\/a>.<\/p>\r\nThe gendered layer<\/strong>\r\n

The same channels that stick on labels produce gender-based digital violence. In September we analysed 2,671 such documents. When a document is itself an act of violence (doxxing, a sexualised fake, mocking a victim, a coerced \u201crepentance\u201d video), in 99% of cases it comes from the state or pro-government segment. The most widespread form, 850 coerced repentance videos, is absent from international typologies altogether. In detail: The State as Perpetrator<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

One new case shows how far this mechanism can go. A former political prisoner, under torture by her own account, signed a pledge to cooperate with the KGB while in detention and was given an operational codename. Once abroad, she publicly repudiated the pledge. Four days later an anonymous TikTok account began posting videos in the name of an \u201cagent\u201d with that codename and her face: the \u201cagent\u201d supposedly reports to \u201cthe Centre\u201d on Belarusian emigrants, journalists and organisations.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 7. Views of each video posted by the anonymous account; lime: videos posted as the \u201cagent\u201d.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

The account was created in January 2025, two days after the election. Its first two videos were devoted to two male opposition politicians: generated images in which they supposedly congratulate the head of the regime on his victory. These are the account\u2019s most-viewed videos, with 69,000 and 17,000 views. The account never returned to the men. Of the 45 videos that followed, 44 were posted in the name of the \u201cagent\u201d. Together they gathered about 144,000 views; the median video, about a thousand. Inside these \u201creports\u201d the targets have nicknames of their own, and one of them is sexualised.<\/p>\r\n

Spikes in views coincide with posts in anonymous \u201cleak\u201d Telegram channels. We found 51 mentions, mostly in the same cluster of channels that spread sexualised fakes of a TV presenter in April 2025. The comments under the videos gloat over emigrants in general and rarely mention the woman herself. The account has no mass audience. It works for its own audience and fixes one suspicion in place: anyone who has been released may turn out to be an agent.<\/p>\r\n

What is faked here is loyalty. The face is real, the codename is real, and the whole construction rests on the coercion itself: the repudiated signature is presented again and again as proof of the opposite. We know of no typology of digital violence that includes this form. The gender dimension shows in the asymmetry: the two men got one image each, while the woman whose signature was extracted in detention got a year and a half of regular \u201creports\u201d. We do not publish the woman\u2019s name, her codename or the name of the account.<\/p>\r\n

\r\nConclusions<\/strong>\r\n

1. The instruments work in sequence.<\/strong> First the word changes its meaning, then comes the label, then the law, and only then prosecution. Once \u201ccivil society\u201d means pro-government organisations, independent ones become \u201cextremists\u201d almost automatically.<\/p>\r\n

2. Practice runs ahead of the norm.<\/strong> The label \u201crunaways\u201d travelled from an anonymous channel to the editorial voice in four months. Courts switched to immediate enforcement of \u201cextremist materials\u201d rulings months before the law that formalised it. Early warning is found in anonymous channels and in court practice: official statements come last.<\/p>\r\n

3. The anonymous layer is both laboratory and fallback voice.<\/strong> Labels are born there, and they return there when they become inconvenient for official media. Gender-based violence and faked loyalty are produced there too. Nobody in that layer answers for the wording.<\/p>\r\n

4. The blow falls on the reader and the source.<\/strong> The register cannot reach an organisation abroad, but it makes contact with that organisation punishable inside the country. The Hajun case shows the price paid by sources: 212 people.<\/p>\r\n

5. The instruments are exportable, but they keep a schedule.<\/strong> An EU programme and an agency of an EU member state are already in the register, so any donor project in the region could be next. Yet the mechanism is measurable: the Hajun \u201cclock\u201d gives a forecast for the case of the EHU students, and monitoring words and labels buys time to prepare.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\nWhat this means for organisations in the region<\/strong>\r\n

The Belarusian story concerns more than Belarusian organisations.<\/p>\r\n

Check whether you are on the lists.<\/strong> If you work with Belarusian audiences or Belarusian partners, your website or account may end up in the register without any notice. The risk falls on your reader. FactCheck.LT checks organisations\u2019 domains and accounts against the register free of charge.<\/p>\r\n

Donor projects have already set a precedent.<\/strong> EU programmes and a state agency of an EU country have been added to the register. That is a template for any donor project in any country that adopts the instrument.<\/p>\r\n

Do not speak the regime\u2019s words.<\/strong> Defend your own vocabulary: \u201ccivil society\u201d, \u201cpolitical prisoners\u201d, \u201cthose who left\u201d. Do not repeat labels even to refute them: half of the mentions of \u201crunaways\u201d in independent media are quotations.<\/p>\r\n

Watch the anonymous layer.<\/strong> The label \u201crunaways\u201d appeared in an anonymous channel two months before the head of the regime used it, and four months before it became editorial. That is where to look for new labels.<\/p>\r\n

Protect your sources before your office.<\/strong> Organise how you receive information so that a hacked channel does not expose the people who send it. Decide in advance what you will never store. Never ask people inside the country to repost anything.<\/p>\r\n

Keep your own archive.<\/strong> Registers are edited retroactively and publications disappear. Your archive with dates and screenshots may turn out to be the only evidence. The channels are regional and the targets are local: share first signals with your neighbours.<\/p>\r\n\r\nMethod and limitations<\/strong>\r\n

\r\n

All data come from the FORESIGHT corpus (FactCheck.LT): some 6.7 million documents from Belarusian state and independent media, Telegram and YouTube.<\/p>\r\n

The word.<\/strong> The substitution index was computed by version 3.4 of the FORESIGHT agent on 16,780 documents from January 2021 to September 2026, by half-year (2024 and 2026 as whole periods). For Fig. 2, up to the 15 most frequent markers of each phase were counted; in 2021 and 2025 the markers are few (13 to 39 per phase), so the shares there show only the direction. In April 2026 we published a preliminary version of the index with a V-shaped curve (0.78, 1.00, 0.74, 0.96). A recalculation on the expanded corpus with an updated vocabulary does not confirm it: after 2022 the index stays within 89\u201399%. The preliminary values have been replaced.<\/p>\r\n

The legal chain (the 2022 Constitution, Laws No. 248-Z and No. 250-Z, the Ministry of Justice list) was checked against pravo.by and state-media news in the corpus, the ministry\u2019s own announcement and Central Election Commission materials; links are given in the text.<\/p>\r\n

The label.<\/strong> The \u201crunaways\u201d data come from the September publication, which describes the method: a window of \u00b1200 characters, homonyms excluded (\u201c\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u201d, a quick glance; \u201c\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0445\u201d, a fugitive oligarch), frequencies normalised to each source\u2019s monthly volume. At that time the corpus held 4.6 million documents; the 2026 data cover January to August. Rates per 1,000 documents are comparable only within one source.<\/p>\r\n

The law.<\/strong> The register of extremist materials was collected from the Ministry of Information website. Totals are given as of the reload of 15 September 2026 (6,018 entries); the map and the district ranking use the crawl of 17 August (5,952 entries); the share of foreign resources uses the analysis of 2 September. Courts were matched to districts through an explicit table, without automatic name matching. Where one entry names several resources, the count by domain is understated. District boundaries: geoBoundaries (CC-BY).<\/p>\r\n

The sources.<\/strong> The Hajun data are based on 5,497 publications from 73 sources; 1,077 documents were used to extract information about people. Event dates are given in about a fifth of the mentions; the rest are dated by publication. Fig. 6 is redrawn from a Belarus Brief chart.<\/p>\r\n

The gendered layer.<\/strong> The account data come from TikTok metadata (Exolyt export, 17 September 2026) and TGStat (51 Telegram mentions, October 2025 \u2013 April 2026). The figures count views; how many people stand behind them is unknown.<\/p>\r\n

Identifiers of private accounts from the register and from the codename case are not published.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n"},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false,"raw":""},"author":1,"featured_media":5795,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ru_post_content":"

\r\n

TL;DR<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

15 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0451\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043b \u00ab\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 eu4belarus.info. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b EU4Belarus, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437. \u0412 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (cpva.lt), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 LinkedIn \u0438 X.<\/p>\r\n

\u0421 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043d\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043b\u0451\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u043c, \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e 15 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0442. \u0410\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b. \u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b.<\/p>\r\n

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\r\n\r\n\"\u0420\u0438\u0441.\r\n

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\r\n\"\u0420\u0438\u0441.\r\n

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\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u043b \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 Telegram-\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u00ab\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u00bb, 7 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. 10 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0451\u0441 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0422\u0410, \u0421\u0422\u0412 \u0438 \u00ab\u0421\u0411. \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u00bb, \u0430 \u0441 17 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f \u043e\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0412 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 189 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0438 \u0432 168 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c. \u0410\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e, \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f: \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u042f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0451\u043c. \u0414\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438\u00bb \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0441 9% \u0432 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043e 24% \u0432 2026-\u043c. \u0427\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u00ab\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0440\u044b\u00bb, \u00ab\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u00bb, \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u00bb, \u00ab\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438\u00bb.<\/p>\r\n

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\r\n\"\u0420\u0438\u0441.\r\n

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\u041e \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u0436\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0432 TikTok \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u0435 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430: \u0422\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u044d\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e TikTok<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439: \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d<\/strong>\r\n

\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041c\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 2008 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e.<\/strong> \u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0447. 2 \u0441\u0442. 19.11 \u041a\u043e\u0410\u041f: \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u043e\u0442 10 \u0434\u043e 30 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d, \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u043e 15 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443. \u0412 2023 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043b 12 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 30 \u00ab\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u00bb \u043d\u0430 YouTube<\/a>: \u043f\u043e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043b\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/a>, \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e.<\/p>\r\n

\u041c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431.<\/strong> \u041f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 6 018 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0445 159 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441 2008 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e: 36 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 2016 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, 22 \u0432 2019-\u043c, 19 \u0432 2020-\u043c. \u0412 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e 427, \u0432 2024 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 1 462, \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 977. \u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0441 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0432 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043e 85\u2013112 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434.<\/p>\r\n

\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0443.<\/strong> 96,9% \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0430, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0420\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043c 12 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0430 \u0441 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c. \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0435 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0451 \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d.<\/p>\r\n

\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f.<\/strong> \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 118 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"\u0420\u0438\u0441.\r\n

\u0420\u0438\u0441. 4. \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\r\n\"\u0420\u0438\u0441.\r\n

\u0420\u0438\u0441. 5. 13 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 118 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445. \u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441 236 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430. \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0438, \u041f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0438, \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0433\u043e\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\r\n

\u0418\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b.<\/strong> 288 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441 41 \u0441\u0443\u0434. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0445 EU4Belarus \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, EUvsDisinfo (\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044e \u0434\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438), Euronews, \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u044d\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 Postimees, Instagram-\u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442\u044b \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, Human Rights House Foundation, FIDH \u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434, \u043b\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430. \u0417\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0432 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c: 37% \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044b \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0451\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0451\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u0420\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439. \u041e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0438: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0441 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b. Freedom House \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 (coercion by proxy), \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439. \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043e\u043d \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d.<\/p>\r\n

\u0420\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0448\u043e\u043c.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e. \u0412 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0435 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443 75 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 31 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 17 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432 \u0435\u0451 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430, \u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u0445\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e. \u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f EUvsDisinfo \u0438 eu4belarus.info. \u041f\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0451\u043d \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442: \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439, 0,1% \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435.<\/p>\r\n\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b\u0439: \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/strong>\r\n

\u0427\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\r\n

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\r\n\"\u0420\u0438\u0441.\r\n

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\u0412 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d, \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u044e\u043d\u00bb \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439: 351 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430: \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0418\u0417\u041e, \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e \u0447\u0435\u043c. \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432, \u0432 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430: 495 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0414\u0432\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c.<\/p>\r\n

\u0421\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442. \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0422\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0415\u0413\u0423 \u0432 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u0435 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u0435\u043c 2027 \u0438 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0451\u043c 2028 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 2027-\u0433\u043e. \u041c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437 31 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 2027 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e: The Hajun case has a map and a clock<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439<\/strong>\r\n

\u0422\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u044f\u0442 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 2 671 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f (\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0433, \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0435\u0439\u043a, \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435\u00bb \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e), \u0432 99% \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430, 850 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e, \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e: The State as Perpetrator<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c. \u0411\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f, \u043f\u043e \u0435\u0451 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441 \u041a\u0413\u0411 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c. \u041e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u043d\u044f \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 TikTok-\u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u00ab\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u00bb \u0441 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0435\u0451 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e\u043c: \u00ab\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u00bb \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0443\u00bb \u043e \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"\u0420\u0438\u0441.\r\n

\u0420\u0438\u0441. 7. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0430; \u043b\u0430\u0439\u043c\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435: \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u00ab\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u00bb.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\u0410\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u043e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c \u043e\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c-\u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c: \u0441\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0430, 69 \u0438 17 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041a \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f. \u0418\u0437 45 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e 44 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u00ab\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u00bb. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 144 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0438. \u0412\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u00ab\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439\u00bb \u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438, \u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

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\r\n\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/strong>\r\n

1. \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438.<\/strong> \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d, \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u00bb \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u00ab\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\r\n

2. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443.<\/strong> \u042f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0435\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0451\u043b \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e \u00ab\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u00bb \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0434\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043b. \u0420\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435: \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\r\n

3. \u0410\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c.<\/strong> \u0422\u0430\u043c \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u044f\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0417\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\r\n

4. \u0423\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443.<\/strong> \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0451\u0442, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b. \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u044e\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432: 212 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a.<\/p>\r\n

5. \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/strong> \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0415\u0421 \u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0415\u0421, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435. \u041d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c: \u00ab\u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b\u00bb \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u044e\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0415\u0413\u0423, \u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435<\/strong>\r\n

\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438.<\/strong> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0451\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0420\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c. FactCheck.LT \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c.<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0415\u0421 \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0415\u0421 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/p>\r\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430.<\/strong> \u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c: \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u00bb, \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00bb, \u00ab\u0443\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u00bb. \u041d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043c.<\/strong> \u042f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0435\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0451\u0441 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\r\n

\u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0441.<\/strong> \u0412\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0451\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0435\u0451 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442. \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430. \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u0412\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432.<\/strong> \u0420\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437\u0430\u044e\u0442. \u0412\u0430\u0448 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c. \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435: \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0434\u044f\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong>\r\n

\r\n

\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 FORESIGHT (FactCheck.LT), \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 6,7 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430, Telegram \u0438 YouTube.<\/p>\r\n

\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e.<\/strong> \u0418\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c FORESIGHT \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 3.4 \u043d\u0430 16 780 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c 2021 \u2013 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u044f\u043c (2024 \u0438 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c). \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0438\u0441. 2 \u0443\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e 15 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u044b; \u0432 2021 \u0438 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e (13\u201339 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u0443), \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0441 V-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 (0,78, 1,00, 0,74, 0,96). \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0451\u043c \u0435\u0451 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442: \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 89\u201399%. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 (\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u044f 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u044b \u2116\u00a0248-\u0417 \u0438 \u2116\u00a0250-\u0417, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u041c\u0438\u043d\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0430) \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c pravo.by \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0421\u041c\u0418 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0435, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041c\u0438\u043d\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0426\u0418\u041a; \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435.<\/p>\r\n

\u042f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e \u00b1200 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b (\u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u00bb, \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0445\u00bb) \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b 4,6 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044e\u2013\u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 1000 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d.<\/strong> \u0420\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0435 15 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 (6 018 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439), \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 17 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 (5 952 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438), \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 2 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432: geoBoundaries (CC-BY).<\/p>\r\n

\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u044e\u043d\u0435\u00bb \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 5 497 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438\u0437 73 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432; 1 077 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u044f\u0445. \u0414\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0420\u0438\u0441. 6 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0443 Belarus Brief.<\/p>\r\n

\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 TikTok (\u0432\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 Exolyt, 17 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430) \u0438 TGStat (51 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 Telegram, \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2025 \u2013 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c 2026). \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432; \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442, \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\r\n

\u0418\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n","_ru_post_name":"four_instruments","_ru_post_excerpt":"","_ru_post_title":"\u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430","_eng_post_content":"

\r\n\r\n

On 15 July 2026, the Leninski District Court of Mahiliou designated the website eu4belarus.info as \u201cextremist materials\u201d. It is the website of EU4Belarus, a programme funded by the European Union. The same ruling covered the website of Lithuania\u2019s Central Project Management Agency (cpva.lt), which administers the programme, and the agency\u2019s pages on LinkedIn and X.<\/p>\r\n

From that day on, anyone in Belarus who forwards material from these resources risks a fine, community service or up to 15 days of arrest, and the phone used for the repost is confiscated. Nobody notified the agency. Nobody warned the readers.<\/p>\r\n

In Belarus, this is what international conferences call \u201cthe impact of disinformation on civil society\u201d. The main disinformation actor working against Belarusian civil society organisations is the state itself. It has four instruments: it takes the word, sticks on a label, passes a law and goes after the sources. Each of them can be measured. Below we measure them on the FORESIGHT corpus: some 6.7 million documents from Belarusian state and independent media, Telegram and YouTube.<\/p>\r\n\r\nInstrument one: the word<\/strong>\r\n

Before fighting civil society, the state took the concept itself.<\/p>\r\n

We traced every use of the phrase \u201ccivil society\u201d in Belarusian media from January 2021 to September 2026: 16,780 documents. For each state-media document we identified the frame. In the regime frame, \u201ccivil society\u201d means pro-government organisations, the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly (VNS) and \u201cconstructive forces\u201d. In the independent frame, it means human rights defenders, independent initiatives and political prisoners. The substitution index is the share of the regime frame among the documents where the frame can be identified.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 1. Substitution index: the share of state-media documents that use \u201ccivil society\u201d in the regime frame.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

In 2021 the index stood at 79%. At that time the concept was still attacked head-on. With the start of the war in 2022 it rose to 95%, and then to 98\u201399%. It has not fallen below 89% since: nine out of ten mentions of \u201ccivil society\u201d in state media refer to organisations created or recognised by the state.<\/p>\r\n

More telling than the level is how the words used for the substitution have changed.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 2. Substitution markers in state media, by group.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

In the first half of 2021, 77% of the substitution markers built the image of an enemy: \u201cso-called civil society\u201d, \u201cfifth column\u201d, \u201cfinancing of protests\u201d. In the second half of 2022, legal status took over: the phrase \u201csubjects of civil society\u201d and its neighbours accounted for 44% of the markers, 66% in the first half of 2023 and 60% in 2024.<\/p>\r\n

The legal vocabulary followed a chain of legal acts. The constitutional amendments put to the referendum of 27 February 2022 introduced Chapter 3\u00b9 on the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly, and \u201crepresentatives of civil society\u201d are named among its delegates. Who exactly they are was settled by two laws in February 2023. On 7 February the head of the regime signed<\/a> Law No. 248-Z \u201cOn the All-Belarusian People\u2019s Assembly\u201d, which gives civil society up to 400 seats<\/a> in the Assembly. On 14 February came Law No. 250-Z \u201cOn the Fundamentals of Civil Society\u201d. According to the Ministry of Justice, it introduced \u201cconcepts new to our legal system\u201d<\/a>: \u201ccivil society\u201d and \u201csubjects of civil society\u201d.<\/p>\r\n

The law distinguishes between subjects of civil society in general and those entitled to \u201cspecial forms of interaction\u201d with the state. The main such form is electing delegates to the VNS. Confirming this entitlement is the task of the Ministry of Justice, and only the largest structures meet the criteria<\/a>: a republican public association with regional and Minsk branches and at least 100,000 adult members or, for trade unions, an association that unites at least half of all trade unions registered in the country. In May 2023 the Ministry of Justice decided<\/a> to classify five organisations as subjects of civil society \u201centitled to interact with state bodies (organisations) in special forms\u201d: the republican public association Belaya Rus, the Belarusian Public Association of Veterans, the public associations Belarusian Republican Youth Union and Belarusian Union of Women, and the Federation of Trade Unions of Belarus. All five are pro-government, as Zerkalo pointed out at once<\/a>, and in 2024 it was they<\/a> who elected the civil society delegates.<\/p>\r\n

Announcing the decision on 22 May 2023, the ministry listed the objectives<\/a> of this interaction. First comes \u201censuring civic (popular) unity\u201d, followed by \u201censuring the independence, state sovereignty and territorial integrity\u201d of the country, \u201corganising constructive interaction\u2026 aimed at strengthening trust in the institutions of state power\u201d, patriotic education based on \u201cpreserving the historical truth and memory of the Belarusian people\u201d, and \u201cstrengthening the single community \u2018the Belarusian people\u2019\u201d. Holding power to account is not on the list. Civil society is given the role of a pillar of the state. The concept was no longer mocked: it was rewritten in law.<\/p>\r\n

Then the substitution entered security doctrine. The updated National Security Concept, which the VNS approved in April 2024<\/a>, names<\/a> as an internal source of threats in the political sphere \u201can insufficient level of development of the subjects of a civil society that serves national interests\u201d. The list itself has been left open: in March 2024 the head of the regime proposed<\/a> not to close the question, because \u201cnew subjects of civil society may appear\u201d. Who joins the list next is for the Ministry of Justice to decide.<\/p>\r\n

There is a flip side. Independent media increasingly use the concept only in their own frame: from 88% in early 2021 to 93\u201396% in 2025\u20132026. Their share of neutral uses fell from 56% to 39\u201341%. The two parts of the Belarusian information space use one word for different things, and they have almost no common language left.<\/p>\r\nInstrument two: the label<\/strong>\r\n

State rhetoric calls those who left Belarus after 2020 \u201crunaways\u201d (\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0435). We traced the history of the word and the corpus data in detail in September: \u201cRunaways\u201d: a short history of a word propaganda picked up without looking<\/a> (in Russian). What matters here is how the label fits into the chain.<\/p>\r\n

In our corpus, the label was first used by the anonymous pro-government Telegram channel \u201cBelarus i Mir\u201d on 7 September 2020. On 10 November the head of the regime said the word in public; BelTA, CTV and SB. Belarus Segodnya picked it up the same day, and from 17 November it appeared in the state news agency\u2019s headlines. In January 2021 state media used it in 189 documents, and in 168 of them without any reference to the head of the regime, in their own editorial voice. Anonymous channel, the man at the top, editorial: each step took about two months. This is what laundering a label looks like.<\/p>\r\n

The label grows a vocabulary around it. The share of contexts in which \u201crunaways\u201d comes with dehumanising words rose from 9% in 2020 to 24% in 2026. The most frequent neighbours are \u201czmagary\u201d (a slur for opposition activists), \u201cextremists\u201d, \u201ctraitors\u201d and \u201cpuppets\u201d.<\/p>\r\n

After the January 2025 election, the label went back to where it had come from.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 3. Documents carrying the label \u201crunaways\u201d per 1,000 documents of the source.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Per thousand documents, CTV cut its rate from 15 to 8, SB. Belarus Segodnya from 5.4 to 2.8, BelTA from 4.6 to 2.3 and Grodnenskaya Pravda from 36 to 11. The volume of these outlets did not change; their vocabulary did. Over the same period the anonymous channel \u201cZheltye Slivy Belarus\u201d went from 98 to 186 per thousand posts: the label appears in almost one post in five. The official voice stepped back, the anonymous layer works in its place, and nobody there answers for the wording.<\/p>\r\n

The label is also spread by those who oppose it. About half of the mentions of \u201crunaways\u201d in independent media are quotations of the head of the regime.<\/p>\r\n

We wrote about the same labels on TikTok in July 2025: Toxic hashtags of Belarusian TikTok<\/a> (in Russian).<\/p>\r\nInstrument three: the law<\/strong>\r\n

The Ministry of Information maintains the Republican List of Extremist Materials. We collected and analysed it in full: every entry since 2008.<\/p>\r\n

What the reader risks.<\/strong> Distributing materials from the list, as well as producing, storing or transporting them for distribution, is punishable under Part 2 of Article 19.11 of the Code of Administrative Offences: a fine of 10 to 30 base units, community service or arrest for up to 15 days, with confiscation of the device. Courts treat a repost or a forward as distribution. In 2023 the Maskouski District Court of Brest sentenced a man to 12 days of arrest for 30 \u201clikes\u201d on YouTube<\/a>: in the court\u2019s logic, likes boost a channel\u2019s ranking. Reading as such is not punishable under the letter of the law, according to lawyers<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

Scale.<\/strong> As of September 2026 the list holds 6,018 court rulings issued by 159 courts. The instrument has existed since 2008 but was rarely used before 2020: 36 rulings in 2016, 22 in 2019, 19 in 2020. In 2021 there were 427, in 2024 1,462, and 977 in the first seven and a half months of 2026. The number of courts issuing such rulings grew from seven in 2020 to between 85 and 112 a year.<\/p>\r\n

No time to pause.<\/strong> 96.9% of rulings take effect on the day they are issued: there is no window in which the material is still legal and the ruling can be appealed. Previously, an average of 12 days passed between a ruling and its entry into force, roughly the length of the appeal period. The first ruling with immediate effect appeared in October 2020; in March 2021 such rulings outnumbered ordinary ones, and from April 2021 there were almost no others. The package of anti-extremism amendments was signed only in May 2021. The courts adopted the new practice before the law formalised it.<\/p>\r\n

Geography.<\/strong> At least one ruling has been issued in each of the country\u2019s 118 districts. Yet the load is very uneven.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 4. Rulings designating materials as extremist, by district.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 5. 13 of 118 districts produce two thirds of the rulings.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

The busiest courts are not only in regional centres. The single court of Maladzechna district issued 236 rulings, about twenty times as many as the median district. Baranavichy, Pukhavichy and Minsk district outpace some regional centres. Nine of the twenty most active courts are in Minsk region.<\/p>\r\n

Foreign resources.<\/strong> 288 rulings concern foreign websites; they were issued by 41 courts. They include EU4Belarus and the Lithuanian agency, EUvsDisinfo (the EU\u2019s counter-disinformation service), Euronews, the Polish Press Agency, Estonia\u2019s Postimees, and the Instagram accounts of the International Society for Human Rights, the Human Rights House Foundation, FIDH and Ukraine\u2019s Center for Civil Liberties, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate. Over the years Minsk has issued the largest number of such rulings, but in 2026 this work moved: 37% of this year\u2019s foreign rulings came from courts in Mahiliou region, above all the Leninski District Court of Mahiliou and the Horki District Court.<\/p>\r\n

The register cannot reach anyone abroad. It cuts the tie on the side of the person in Belarus: contact with a foreign organisation becomes punishable inside the country. Freedom House describes this mechanism as coercion by proxy, one of the forms of transnational repression. Here it is measured.<\/p>\r\n

A register written in pencil.<\/strong> The date on which a ruling takes effect is entered into the register by hand. In August 2026, for 75 entries from 31 courts, this date was replaced in one batch with 17 August, shifting it by up to a month, and in September it was just as quietly changed back. The batch included foreign resources, EUvsDisinfo and eu4belarus.info among them. From the public register, a citizen cannot establish whether a material was banned on a given day, although liability runs from exactly that date. There is almost no movement in the other direction: in eighteen years six entries have been cancelled, 0.1% of the list. More on this in our series on the register.<\/p>\r\nInstrument four: the sources<\/strong>\r\n

The fourth instrument targets those who supply organisations with information.<\/p>\r\n

Belaruski Hajun was a citizens\u2019 project that monitored the movement of Russian troops across Belarus. Ordinary people sent it what they saw from their windows. We collected every report of prosecutions linked to the project from 5,497 publications in 73 sources. We identified 212 people, 188 of them by name, and 183 have been sentenced; Viasna counted at least 183 defendants as of 24 February 2026. The largest occupational group is IT specialists, 28 people; former military and security-service personnel come third, with 14. The largest age group is 30 to 39: 60 of the 162 people whose age is known. Women make up 28% of those prosecuted. A third of all cases come from Homel region, where the troops were stationed: 57 people, or 4.29 per 100,000 inhabitants. Average sentences by region range from 3 to 3.75 years; sentences in absentia reach 20 years.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 6. Publications about Hajun by criminal-procedure vocabulary, February 2025 \u2013 July 2026.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

In February 2025 the project\u2019s bot was hacked, Hajun shut down, and a wave of arrests began: 351 publications in a month. Then came silence: the detainees were in pre-trial detention, and there was nothing to write about. The wave of sentences came fourteen months later, in April 2026: 495 publications with the vocabulary of verdicts and penal colonies. The two phases do not overlap; they take turns.<\/p>\r\n

The chilling effect is the result. There is no longer any centralised independent monitoring of military activity in Belarus. The same interval, applied to the searches of European Humanities University (EHU) students in June 2026, points to a wave of sentences between June 2027 and January 2028, most likely around August 2027. We will check this forecast on 31 December 2027. In detail: The Hajun case has a map and a clock<\/a>.<\/p>\r\nThe gendered layer<\/strong>\r\n

The same channels that stick on labels produce gender-based digital violence. In September we analysed 2,671 such documents. When a document is itself an act of violence (doxxing, a sexualised fake, mocking a victim, a coerced \u201crepentance\u201d video), in 99% of cases it comes from the state or pro-government segment. The most widespread form, 850 coerced repentance videos, is absent from international typologies altogether. In detail: The State as Perpetrator<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

One new case shows how far this mechanism can go. A former political prisoner, under torture by her own account, signed a pledge to cooperate with the KGB while in detention and was given an operational codename. Once abroad, she publicly repudiated the pledge. Four days later an anonymous TikTok account began posting videos in the name of an \u201cagent\u201d with that codename and her face: the \u201cagent\u201d supposedly reports to \u201cthe Centre\u201d on Belarusian emigrants, journalists and organisations.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"Fig.\r\n

Fig. 7. Views of each video posted by the anonymous account; lime: videos posted as the \u201cagent\u201d.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

The account was created in January 2025, two days after the election. Its first two videos were devoted to two male opposition politicians: generated images in which they supposedly congratulate the head of the regime on his victory. These are the account\u2019s most-viewed videos, with 69,000 and 17,000 views. The account never returned to the men. Of the 45 videos that followed, 44 were posted in the name of the \u201cagent\u201d. Together they gathered about 144,000 views; the median video, about a thousand. Inside these \u201creports\u201d the targets have nicknames of their own, and one of them is sexualised.<\/p>\r\n

Spikes in views coincide with posts in anonymous \u201cleak\u201d Telegram channels. We found 51 mentions, mostly in the same cluster of channels that spread sexualised fakes of a TV presenter in April 2025. The comments under the videos gloat over emigrants in general and rarely mention the woman herself. The account has no mass audience. It works for its own audience and fixes one suspicion in place: anyone who has been released may turn out to be an agent.<\/p>\r\n

What is faked here is loyalty. The face is real, the codename is real, and the whole construction rests on the coercion itself: the repudiated signature is presented again and again as proof of the opposite. We know of no typology of digital violence that includes this form. The gender dimension shows in the asymmetry: the two men got one image each, while the woman whose signature was extracted in detention got a year and a half of regular \u201creports\u201d. We do not publish the woman\u2019s name, her codename or the name of the account.<\/p>\r\n

\r\nConclusions<\/strong>\r\n

1. The instruments work in sequence.<\/strong> First the word changes its meaning, then comes the label, then the law, and only then prosecution. Once \u201ccivil society\u201d means pro-government organisations, independent ones become \u201cextremists\u201d almost automatically.<\/p>\r\n

2. Practice runs ahead of the norm.<\/strong> The label \u201crunaways\u201d travelled from an anonymous channel to the editorial voice in four months. Courts switched to immediate enforcement of \u201cextremist materials\u201d rulings months before the law that formalised it. Early warning is found in anonymous channels and in court practice: official statements come last.<\/p>\r\n

3. The anonymous layer is both laboratory and fallback voice.<\/strong> Labels are born there, and they return there when they become inconvenient for official media. Gender-based violence and faked loyalty are produced there too. Nobody in that layer answers for the wording.<\/p>\r\n

4. The blow falls on the reader and the source.<\/strong> The register cannot reach an organisation abroad, but it makes contact with that organisation punishable inside the country. The Hajun case shows the price paid by sources: 212 people.<\/p>\r\n

5. The instruments are exportable, but they keep a schedule.<\/strong> An EU programme and an agency of an EU member state are already in the register, so any donor project in the region could be next. Yet the mechanism is measurable: the Hajun \u201cclock\u201d gives a forecast for the case of the EHU students, and monitoring words and labels buys time to prepare.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\nWhat this means for organisations in the region<\/strong>\r\n

The Belarusian story concerns more than Belarusian organisations.<\/p>\r\n

Check whether you are on the lists.<\/strong> If you work with Belarusian audiences or Belarusian partners, your website or account may end up in the register without any notice. The risk falls on your reader. FactCheck.LT checks organisations\u2019 domains and accounts against the register free of charge.<\/p>\r\n

Donor projects have already set a precedent.<\/strong> EU programmes and a state agency of an EU country have been added to the register. That is a template for any donor project in any country that adopts the instrument.<\/p>\r\n

Do not speak the regime\u2019s words.<\/strong> Defend your own vocabulary: \u201ccivil society\u201d, \u201cpolitical prisoners\u201d, \u201cthose who left\u201d. Do not repeat labels even to refute them: half of the mentions of \u201crunaways\u201d in independent media are quotations.<\/p>\r\n

Watch the anonymous layer.<\/strong> The label \u201crunaways\u201d appeared in an anonymous channel two months before the head of the regime used it, and four months before it became editorial. That is where to look for new labels.<\/p>\r\n

Protect your sources before your office.<\/strong> Organise how you receive information so that a hacked channel does not expose the people who send it. Decide in advance what you will never store. Never ask people inside the country to repost anything.<\/p>\r\n

Keep your own archive.<\/strong> Registers are edited retroactively and publications disappear. Your archive with dates and screenshots may turn out to be the only evidence. The channels are regional and the targets are local: share first signals with your neighbours.<\/p>\r\n\r\nMethod and limitations<\/strong>\r\n

\r\n

All data come from the FORESIGHT corpus (FactCheck.LT): some 6.7 million documents from Belarusian state and independent media, Telegram and YouTube.<\/p>\r\n

The word.<\/strong> The substitution index was computed by version 3.4 of the FORESIGHT agent on 16,780 documents from January 2021 to September 2026, by half-year (2024 and 2026 as whole periods). For Fig. 2, up to the 15 most frequent markers of each phase were counted; in 2021 and 2025 the markers are few (13 to 39 per phase), so the shares there show only the direction. In April 2026 we published a preliminary version of the index with a V-shaped curve (0.78, 1.00, 0.74, 0.96). A recalculation on the expanded corpus with an updated vocabulary does not confirm it: after 2022 the index stays within 89\u201399%. The preliminary values have been replaced.<\/p>\r\n

The legal chain (the 2022 Constitution, Laws No. 248-Z and No. 250-Z, the Ministry of Justice list) was checked against pravo.by and state-media news in the corpus, the ministry\u2019s own announcement and Central Election Commission materials; links are given in the text.<\/p>\r\n

The label.<\/strong> The \u201crunaways\u201d data come from the September publication, which describes the method: a window of \u00b1200 characters, homonyms excluded (\u201c\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u201d, a quick glance; \u201c\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0445\u201d, a fugitive oligarch), frequencies normalised to each source\u2019s monthly volume. At that time the corpus held 4.6 million documents; the 2026 data cover January to August. Rates per 1,000 documents are comparable only within one source.<\/p>\r\n

The law.<\/strong> The register of extremist materials was collected from the Ministry of Information website. Totals are given as of the reload of 15 September 2026 (6,018 entries); the map and the district ranking use the crawl of 17 August (5,952 entries); the share of foreign resources uses the analysis of 2 September. Courts were matched to districts through an explicit table, without automatic name matching. Where one entry names several resources, the count by domain is understated. District boundaries: geoBoundaries (CC-BY).<\/p>\r\n

The sources.<\/strong> The Hajun data are based on 5,497 publications from 73 sources; 1,077 documents were used to extract information about people. Event dates are given in about a fifth of the mentions; the rest are dated by publication. Fig. 6 is redrawn from a Belarus Brief chart.<\/p>\r\n

The gendered layer.<\/strong> The account data come from TikTok metadata (Exolyt export, 17 September 2026) and TGStat (51 Telegram mentions, October 2025 \u2013 April 2026). The figures count views; how many people stand behind them is unknown.<\/p>\r\n

Identifiers of private accounts from the register and from the codename case are not published.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n","_eng_post_name":"four_instruments","_eng_post_excerpt":"","_eng_post_title":"Four Instruments","_bel_post_content":"

\r\n

15 \u043b\u0456\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0451\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0437\u043d\u0430\u045e \u00ab\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u043a\u0456\u043c\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0456\u00bb \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 eu4belarus.info. \u0413\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u044b EU4Belarus, \u044f\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0443\u0435 \u0415\u045e\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0430\u044e\u0437. \u0423 \u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0436 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u043e\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0426\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0456 (cpva.lt), \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0435 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443, \u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0456 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u045e LinkedIn \u0456 X.<\/p>\r\n

\u0417 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b \u0436\u044b\u0445\u0430\u0440 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u044d\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u045e, \u0440\u044b\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443\u0435 \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430\u043c, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043c\u0456 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0456 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0430\u0440\u044b\u0448\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0434\u0430 15 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0430 \u0442\u044d\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d, \u0437 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0440\u044d\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0444\u0456\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0446\u044c. \u0410\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0456\u0445\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0441\u0446\u0456\u045e. \u0427\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0456\u0445\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0440\u044d\u0434\u0437\u0456\u045e.<\/p>\r\n

\u0422\u0430\u043a \u0443 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0435, \u0448\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u044d\u043d\u0446\u044b\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u00ab\u0443\u0437\u0434\u0437\u0435\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0434\u044d\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044c\u00bb. \u0413\u0430\u043b\u043e\u045e\u043d\u044b \u0434\u044d\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0440, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0434\u0437\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044c \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0439, \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430. \u0423 \u044f\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044b \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b: \u044f\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440\u0430\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0447\u0430\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0430\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446\u044b. \u041a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0437 \u0456\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044c. \u041d\u0456\u0436\u044d\u0439 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u043c \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0435 FORESIGHT: \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044f 6,7 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0456 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f, Telegram \u0456 YouTube.<\/p>\r\n\u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u044b: \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong>\r\n

\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448 \u0447\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0437 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044e, \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0431\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0446\u0446\u0435.<\/p>\r\n

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\r\n\"\u041c\u0430\u043b.\r\n

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\r\n\"\u041c\u0430\u043b.\r\n

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\u0401\u0441\u0446\u044c \u0456 \u0430\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b \u0431\u043e\u043a. \u041d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f \u045e\u0441\u0451 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0436\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0446\u0446\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u045e \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0451\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u0446\u044b: \u0430\u0434 88% \u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430 93\u201396% \u0443 2025\u20132026 \u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u0414\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0436\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u0443 \u0456\u0445 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437 56% \u0434\u0430 39\u201341%. \u0414\u0437\u0432\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0456 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0433\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044c \u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0440\u044d\u0447\u044b, \u0456 \u0430\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u044b \u045e \u0456\u0445 \u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\r\n\u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0456: \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a<\/strong>\r\n

\u0422\u044b\u0445, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u0437\u2019\u0435\u0445\u0430\u045e \u0437 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0456\u00bb. \u0413\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u044e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u045e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0456: \u00ab\u0411\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0435\u00bb: \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u044f<\/a> (\u043f\u0430-\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443). \u0422\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0430\u0435: \u044f\u043a \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0443\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u045e\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u045e \u043b\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0436\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u044b\u043c \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0443\u0436\u044b\u045e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b Telegram-\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u00ab\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u00bb, 7 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044f 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. 10 \u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0456\u045e \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a \u0440\u044d\u0436\u044b\u043c\u0443, \u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0430 \u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044c \u044f\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0430\u043f\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0422\u0410, \u0421\u0422\u0412 \u0456 \u00ab\u0421\u0411. \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u00bb, \u0430 \u0437 17 \u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u044f\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0439\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u045e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u043e\u045e\u043a\u0456 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0423 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0456 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u044b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f \u045e\u0436\u044b\u043b\u0456 \u044f\u0433\u043e \u045e 189 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0456 \u045e 168 \u0437 \u0456\u0445 \u0443\u0436\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u044d\u0436\u044b\u043c\u0443, \u0443\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u044d\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043c. \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430, \u0440\u044d\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b\u043a\u0443\u043b: \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u045e \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430\u045e. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u042f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430\u043c. \u0414\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e, \u0434\u0437\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0447 \u0437 \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0456\u00bb \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0456\u0446\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456\u043a\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0437 9% \u0443 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u0434\u0430 24% \u0443 2026-\u043c. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u045e\u0441\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0447 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u00ab\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0440\u044b\u00bb, \u00ab\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044b\u00bb, \u00ab\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0456\u00bb, \u00ab\u043c\u0430\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u00bb.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044f 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0432\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0443\u045e\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0443\u0434\u044b, \u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0439\u0448\u043e\u045e.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"\u041c\u0430\u043b.\r\n

\u041c\u0430\u043b. 3. \u0414\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0437 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u044f\u00bb \u043d\u0430 1000 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446\u044b.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\u0423 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0421\u0422\u0412 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0437 15 \u0434\u0430 8, \u00ab\u0421\u0411. \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u00bb \u0437 5,4 \u0434\u0430 2,8, \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0422\u0410 \u0437 4,6 \u0434\u0430 2,3, \u00ab\u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u045e\u0434\u0430\u00bb \u0437 36 \u0434\u0430 11. \u0410\u0431\u2019\u0451\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0439 \u0443 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0456\u045e\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0456\u045e\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a. \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u00ab\u0416\u0451\u043b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b Belarus\u00bb \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044f\u045e\u0441\u044f \u0437 98 \u0434\u0430 186 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e: \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0456\u0446\u044c \u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0446\u0435. \u0410\u0444\u0456\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0441 \u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0456\u045e, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0443\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u044f\u0433\u043e, \u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0451\u045e\u043a\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0456\u0445\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0435.<\/p>\r\n

\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u045e\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0456 \u0442\u044b\u044f, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u044f\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0456\u0446\u044c. \u041a\u0430\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0446\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u044d\u0436\u044b\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u044b\u044f \u0436 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0456 \u045e TikTok \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u045e \u043b\u0456\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0456 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430: \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0456\u0447\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0445\u044d\u0448\u0442\u044d\u0433\u0456 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 TikTok<\/a> (\u043f\u0430-\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443).<\/p>\r\n\u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u044d\u0446\u0456: \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d<\/strong>\r\n

\u041c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044d\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456 \u0432\u044f\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u0420\u044d\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u043f\u0456\u0441 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b\u0430\u045e. \u041c\u044b \u0441\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0456 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u044f\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043c: \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441 \u0437 2008 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u0428\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435 \u0447\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0447\u0443.<\/strong> \u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u045e\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0456\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431, \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u045e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0437 \u043c\u044d\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u045e\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435 \u0447. 2 \u0430\u0440\u0442. 19.11 \u041a\u0430\u0410\u041f: \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u0430\u0434 10 \u0434\u0430 30 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0447\u044b\u043d\u044c, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0456\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0430\u0440\u044b\u0448\u0442 \u0434\u0430 15 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0444\u0456\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0446\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u045e\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0440\u044d\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443. \u0423 2023 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u041c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0440\u044d\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u045e 12 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043a \u0430\u0440\u044b\u0448\u0442\u0443 \u0437\u0430 30 \u00ab\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0430\u045e\u00bb \u043d\u0430 YouTube<\/a>: \u043f\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043b\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0440\u044d\u0439\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0433 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0427\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0431\u0435, \u043f\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435 \u044e\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e<\/a>, \u043f\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u041c\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431.<\/strong> \u041f\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044c 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u045e \u0441\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0435 6 018 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e, \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0445 159 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0456. \u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u0435 \u0437 2008 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0430 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u045e\u0436\u044b\u0432\u0430\u045e\u0441\u044f \u0440\u044d\u0434\u043a\u0430: 36 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u0443 2016 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435, 22 \u0443 2019-\u043c, 19 \u0443 2020-\u043c. \u0423 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u0456\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 427, \u0443 2024 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435 1 462, \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u044b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u043c \u0437 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430\u045e 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 977. \u041a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044c \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u045e, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0456, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0437 \u0441\u044f\u043c\u0456 \u045e 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u0434\u0430 85\u2013112 \u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0434.<\/p>\r\n

\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u045e\u0437\u0443.<\/strong> 96,9% \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0443 \u0441\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u045e \u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043d\u044f\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f: \u0430\u043a\u043d\u0430, \u0443 \u044f\u043a\u0456\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b \u044f\u0448\u0447\u044d \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b \u0456 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0437\u0456\u0446\u044c, \u043d\u044f\u043c\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0456 \u045e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u0441\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u045e \u0441\u044f\u0440\u044d\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043c 12 \u0434\u0437\u0451\u043d, \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0434\u043e\u045e\u0436\u044b\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0442\u044d\u0440\u043c\u0456\u043d \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u0456\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u045e \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0447\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0443 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0443 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448, \u0447\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0430 \u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0430 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f. \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043a \u0430\u0431 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456\u0434\u0437\u0435\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0437\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u045e \u043f\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u045e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0456 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0448\u043b\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u0447\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0435 \u0430\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0456\u045e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d.<\/p>\r\n

\u0413\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f.<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0456 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u045e \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0430 118 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430\u045e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0456\u043d\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u044b \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0456 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"\u041c\u0430\u043b.\r\n

\u041c\u0430\u043b. 4. \u0420\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u0431 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b\u0430\u045e \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u043a\u0456\u043c\u0456 \u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\r\n\"\u041c\u0430\u043b.\r\n

\u041c\u0430\u043b. 5. 13 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0430 118 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0434\u0437\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0437\u044f\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u045e \u0430\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445. \u0410\u0434\u0437\u0456\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441 236 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e, \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u045e \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430\u0446\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u045e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448 \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d. \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0447\u044b, \u041f\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0447\u044b, \u041c\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d \u0430\u043f\u044f\u0440\u044d\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u045e. \u0414\u0437\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0446\u044c \u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430\u0446\u0456 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b\u045e\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u045e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0437\u044f\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u045e \u041c\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0456.<\/p>\r\n

\u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0440\u044d\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b.<\/strong> 288 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u045e, \u0456\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441 41 \u0441\u0443\u0434. \u0421\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0456\u0445 EU4Belarus \u0456 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u043e\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430, EUvsDisinfo (\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430 \u0415\u045e\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456\u0434\u0437\u0435\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u044d\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456), Euronews, \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443, \u044d\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0456 Postimees, Instagram-\u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442\u044b \u041c\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u045e \u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, Human Rights House Foundation, FIDH \u0456 \u045e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0426\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0434, \u043b\u0430\u045e\u0440\u044d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0456 \u043c\u0456\u0440\u0443. \u0417\u0430 \u045e\u0441\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u045e \u041c\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u045e 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0441\u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f: 37% \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0456 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044b \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0451\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0456, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0456\u043c \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0451\u0432\u0430 \u0456 \u0413\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0446\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u0420\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0446\u044f\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u044f\u0436\u043e\u0439. \u0401\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u043a\u0443 \u0436\u044b\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456: \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u044f\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0456\u043d\u044b. Freedom House \u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u043c \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0443\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0431\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043a\u0456\u0445 (coercion by proxy), \u0430\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0437 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u045e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0446\u044b\u044f\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u044d\u043f\u0440\u044d\u0441\u0456\u0439. \u0422\u0443\u0442 \u0451\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u0420\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0430\u043b\u043e\u045e\u043a\u0430\u043c.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u045e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f \u045e \u0441\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u045e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u045e \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u0443\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e. \u0423 \u0436\u043d\u0456\u045e\u043d\u0456 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u045e 75 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u045e \u0437 31 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u043d\u0430 17 \u0436\u043d\u0456\u045e\u043d\u044f, \u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u044b\u045e\u0448\u044b \u044f\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044d\u0440\u043c\u0456\u043d \u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430, \u0430 \u045e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0430 \u0446\u0456\u0445\u0430 \u0432\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434. \u0423 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0440\u044d\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b, \u0443 \u0442\u044b\u043c \u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443 EUvsDisinfo \u0456 eu4belarus.info. \u041f\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044f\u043d\u0456\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0430 \u045e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0446\u044c, \u0446\u0456 \u0431\u044b\u045e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u045e \u043f\u044d\u045e\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u0445\u043e\u0446\u044c \u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044c \u0430\u0434\u043b\u0456\u0447\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0434 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b. \u0410\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u043d\u044f\u043c\u0430: \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0441\u044f\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430\u0446\u044c \u0433\u0430\u0434\u043e\u045e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0448\u044d\u0441\u0446\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u045e, 0,1% \u0441\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430. \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u045e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440.<\/p>\r\n\u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0446\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b: \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446\u044b<\/strong>\r\n

\u0427\u0430\u0446\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0456\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044b\u0445, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044f\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u044b\u044f\u0439.<\/p>\r\n

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\r\n\"\u041c\u0430\u043b.\r\n

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\u0423 \u043b\u044e\u0442\u044b\u043c 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u045e \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u044e\u043d\u00bb \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u045e\u0441\u044f, \u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e: 351 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044b\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0446\u0456\u0448\u044b\u043d\u044f: \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0441\u044f\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043b\u0456 \u045e \u0421\u0406\u0417\u0410, \u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u0446\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u0448\u0442\u043e. \u0425\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u045e \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0439\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430\u0446\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430\u045e, \u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0443 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430: 495 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0439 \u0437 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0456 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0456. \u0414\u0437\u0432\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u0443, \u044f\u043d\u044b \u0456\u0434\u0443\u0446\u044c \u043f\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0440\u0437\u0435.<\/p>\r\n

\u0421\u0442\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b \u044d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0456 \u0451\u0441\u0446\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0456\u043a. \u0426\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0433\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0456 \u045e \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448 \u043d\u044f\u043c\u0430. \u0422\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0442\u044d\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b, \u0443\u0436\u044b\u0442\u044b \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0430\u045e \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0415\u0413\u0423 \u045e \u0447\u044d\u0440\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0456 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u045e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0447\u044d\u0440\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c 2027 \u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c 2028 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0445\u0443\u0442\u0447\u044d\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u045e\u0441\u0451 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044f \u0436\u043d\u0456\u045e\u043d\u044f 2027-\u0433\u0430. \u041c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437 31 \u0441\u043d\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044f 2027 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0430: The Hajun case has a map and a clock<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442<\/strong>\r\n

\u0422\u044b\u044f \u0436 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u0448\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0430\u043f\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0446\u044c \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0456, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044b \u0433\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0442. \u0423 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456 2 671 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442. \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0437\u2019\u044f\u045e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0433\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0443 (\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456\u043d\u0433, \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0444\u044d\u0439\u043a, \u0437\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043a \u0437 \u0430\u0445\u0432\u044f\u0440\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u043c\u0443\u0448\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u00ab\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0435\u00bb \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430), \u0443 99% \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u045e \u0451\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0456\u0446\u044c \u0437 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430, 850 \u0432\u044b\u043c\u0443\u0448\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430, \u0443\u0432\u043e\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u045e \u043c\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u044b\u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f\u0445. \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0431\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0430: The State as Perpetrator<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

\u0410\u0434\u0437\u0456\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0435, \u044f\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0439\u0441\u0446\u0456 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u043c. \u0411\u044b\u043b\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0430, \u043f\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435 \u044f\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u045e \u043f\u0430\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0456, \u043f\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u045e \u0437\u043d\u044f\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u043e\u045e\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0437 \u041a\u0414\u0411 \u0456 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b\u045e\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0441\u0435\u045e\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c. \u0410\u043f\u044b\u043d\u0443\u045e\u0448\u044b\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u044f\u0436\u043e\u0439, \u044f\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0434 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0456\u0441\u043a\u0456. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b TikTok-\u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0447\u0430\u045e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0446\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430 \u0430\u0434 \u0456\u043c\u044f \u00ab\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u00bb \u0437 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0441\u0435\u045e\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043c \u0456 \u044f\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c: \u00ab\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u00bb \u043d\u0456\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u00ab\u0426\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0443\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u044d\u043c\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e, \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0456 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"\u041c\u0430\u043b.\r\n

\u041c\u0430\u043b. 7. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442\u0430; \u043b\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0432\u044b\u044f: \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430 \u0430\u0434 \u0456\u043c\u044f \u00ab\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u00bb.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\u0410\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u045e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0456 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u045e. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u044b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430 \u0451\u043d \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0446\u0456\u045e \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c \u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043c-\u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043c: \u0437\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u044f\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0456\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043d\u0448\u0443\u044e\u0446\u044c \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u044d\u0436\u044b\u043c\u0443 \u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0439. \u0413\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442\u0430, 69 \u0456 17 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u045e. \u0414\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u044b\u043d \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044f\u0440\u0442\u0430\u045e\u0441\u044f. \u0417 45 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430 44 \u0432\u044b\u0439\u0448\u043b\u0456 \u0430\u0434 \u0456\u043c\u044f \u00ab\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u00bb. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c \u044f\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044f 144 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u045e, \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044f \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u044b. \u0423\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u00ab\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e\u00bb \u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0448\u044d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0456, \u0456 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0437 \u0456\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430\u044f.<\/p>\r\n

\u0423\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0441\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0437 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044b\u044f\u043c\u0456 \u045e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u00ab\u0437\u043b\u0456\u045e\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00bb Telegram-\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445. \u041c\u044b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0448\u043b\u0456 51 \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443, \u0443 \u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u045e\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443 \u0442\u044b\u043c \u0436\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u045e, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u045e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0443 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u045e\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0444\u044d\u0439\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u044d\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0443\u044e. \u041a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044d\u0430 \u0437\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043f\u044f\u0446\u044c \u0437 \u044d\u043c\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0443\u0432\u043e\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0435, \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u044f\u0440\u043f\u0435\u043b\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0440\u044d\u0434\u043a\u0430. \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u0430\u045e\u0434\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0456 \u045e \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u044f\u043c\u0430. \u0401\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0443\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0430\u044e \u0430\u045e\u0434\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u044e \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0446\u043e\u045e\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435: \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043b\u0430\u044f\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044c. \u0422\u0432\u0430\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u045e\u0434\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u0441\u0435\u045e\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u045e\u0434\u043d\u044b, \u0456 \u045e\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u044b\u044f \u0442\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043c \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0443\u0441\u0435: \u0430\u0434\u043a\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0456\u0441 \u0437\u043d\u043e\u045e \u0456 \u0437\u043d\u043e\u045e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0434\u2019\u044f\u045e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u044f\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0430\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043d\u044f\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0456 \u045e \u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0442\u044b\u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0456 \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0433\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0443. \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043c\u044f\u0440\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u045e \u0430\u0441\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0456: \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043c \u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0435, \u0436\u0430\u043d\u0447\u044b\u043d\u0435, \u0447\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0456\u0441 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u045e \u0437\u043d\u044f\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456, \u043f\u0430\u045e\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u044d\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u00ab\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e\u00bb. \u041c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0456\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0446\u044f\u0440\u043f\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0439, \u044f\u0435 \u043f\u0441\u0435\u045e\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c \u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b<\/strong>\r\n

1. \u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0443\u044e\u0446\u044c \u043f\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0440\u0437\u0435.<\/strong> \u0421\u043f\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u045e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u044f\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0437\u2019\u044f\u045e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d, \u0456 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434. \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044c\u00bb \u0443\u0436\u043e \u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456, \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u00ab\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0456\u00bb \u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0430\u045e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0447\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

2. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u043f\u044f\u0440\u044d\u0434\u0436\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443.<\/strong> \u042f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u044f\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0448\u043e\u045e \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0430\u0434 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0440\u044d\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044b. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0448\u043b\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0448\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u00ab\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u043a\u0456\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b\u044b\u00bb \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430\u045e \u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0456\u045e. \u0420\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0440\u044d\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0448\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044c \u0443 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0456 \u045e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b\u0446\u044b: \u0430\u0444\u0456\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u044b \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0437\u044f\u0446\u044c \u0430\u043f\u043e\u0448\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0456.<\/p>\r\n

3. \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u044b\u0446\u044c \u043b\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u044f\u0439 \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043c.<\/strong> \u0422\u0430\u043c \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430, \u0456 \u0442\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0451\u043d \u0432\u044f\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0430\u0444\u0456\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u044f\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b \u0433\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0442 \u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u043b\u0430\u044f\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0456. \u0417\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0451\u045e\u043a\u0456 \u045e \u0433\u044d\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0435 \u043d\u0456\u0445\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0435.<\/p>\r\n

4. \u0423\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0456 \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0443.<\/strong> \u0410\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u044f\u0436\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0446\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0437 \u0451\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0456\u043d\u044b. \u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u044e\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0435 \u0446\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446: 212 \u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043a.<\/p>\r\n

5. \u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u044f, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u045e \u0456\u0445 \u0451\u0441\u0446\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434.<\/strong> \u0423 \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b \u045e\u0436\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0415\u0421 \u0456 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u044b \u0415\u0421, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0448\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0446\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0443 \u0440\u044d\u0433\u0456\u0451\u043d\u0435. \u0410\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b: \u00ab\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0437\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456\u043a\u00bb \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u044e\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u0434\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437 \u043f\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0415\u0413\u0423, \u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0433 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u045e \u0456 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u045e \u0434\u0430\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0440\u044b\u0445\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\u0428\u0442\u043e \u0433\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u044b\u0446\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0439 \u0443 \u0440\u044d\u0433\u0456\u0451\u043d\u0435<\/strong>\r\n

\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0447\u044b\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0439.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435, \u0446\u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0432\u044b \u045e \u0441\u043f\u0456\u0441\u044b.<\/strong> \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0443\u0435\u0446\u0435 \u0437 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u0430\u045e\u0434\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u044f\u0439 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043c\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0451\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0456, \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0430 \u0430\u043f\u044b\u043d\u0443\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u045e \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u043f\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0448\u0447\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0420\u044b\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u044f\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0447\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0447. FactCheck.LT \u0431\u044f\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0440\u0430\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0456 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430 \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u045e \u0443\u0436\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u044d\u0446\u044d\u0434\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c.<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u044b \u0415\u0421 \u0456 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0456\u043d\u044b \u0415\u0421 \u0443\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044b \u045e \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440. \u0413\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u045e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0456\u043d\u0435, \u044f\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0435 \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/p>\r\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0446\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0456 \u0440\u044d\u0436\u044b\u043c\u0443.<\/strong> \u0410\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0439\u0446\u0435 \u045e\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043b\u043e\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a: \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044c\u00bb, \u00ab\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0456\u00bb, \u00ab\u0442\u044b\u044f, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u0437\u2019\u0435\u0445\u0430\u045e\u00bb. \u041d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u045e\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0446\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0437\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0431\u0432\u044f\u0440\u0436\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f: \u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u0421\u0430\u0447\u044b\u0446\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c.<\/strong> \u042f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u044f\u00bb \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u0456\u045e\u0441\u044f \u045e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044b \u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0433\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u044f\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0456\u045e \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a \u0440\u044d\u0436\u044b\u043c\u0443, \u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044b \u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0433\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0451\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0440\u044d\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u044b\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u044f \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0448\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\r\n

\u0410\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0439\u0446\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446\u044b \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u0447\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0444\u0456\u0441.<\/strong> \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0439\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0451\u043c \u0456\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043a\u0430\u0431 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u045e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0439, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u044f \u044f\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c. \u0412\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0448\u044b\u0446\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044f, \u0447\u0430\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0446\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u045e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u044c \u043d\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456. \u041d\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0456\u0446\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0456\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0446\u044c \u0440\u044d\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u0412\u044f\u0434\u0437\u0456\u0446\u0435 \u045e\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u045e.<\/strong> \u0420\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0446\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043c \u0447\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c. \u0412\u0430\u0448 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u045e \u0437 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0456 \u0456 \u0437\u0434\u044b\u043c\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0456 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0437\u0456\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c. \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0440\u044d\u0433\u0456\u044f\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u044f, \u043c\u044d\u0442\u044b \u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u044f: \u0434\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u044b\u043c\u0456 \u0441\u0456\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0456 \u0437 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0437\u044f\u043c\u0456.<\/p>\r\n\u041c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0434 \u0456 \u0430\u0431\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456<\/strong>\r\n

\r\n

\u0423\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u045e\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044b\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 FORESIGHT (FactCheck.LT), \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044f 6,7 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0456 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044b\u044f, Telegram \u0456 YouTube.<\/p>\r\n

\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430.<\/strong> \u0406\u043d\u0434\u044d\u043a\u0441 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0456\u0447\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c FORESIGHT \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0456 3.4 \u043d\u0430 16 780 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044c 2021 \u2013 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044c 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u045e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0437\u044f\u0445 (2024 \u0456 2026 \u0433\u0430\u0434\u044b \u0446\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043c). \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043b. 2 \u0443\u043b\u0456\u0447\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0430 15 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u045e \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u044b; \u0443 2021 \u0456 2025 \u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u045e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430 (13\u201339 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u0443), \u0442\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0446\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043a. \u0423 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0443 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0440\u044d\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044e \u0456\u043d\u0434\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0437 V-\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0439 (0,78, 1,00, 0,74, 0,96). \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0456\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0448\u044b\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0435 \u0437 \u0430\u0431\u043d\u043e\u045e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u045e\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430\u043c \u044f\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0432\u044f\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0435: \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0434\u044d\u043a\u0441 \u0442\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u045e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 89\u201399%. \u041f\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0440\u044d\u0434\u043d\u0456\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0432\u044b \u043b\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0436\u043e\u043a (\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0442\u0443\u0446\u044b\u044f 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u044b \u2116 248-\u0417 \u0456 \u2116 250-\u0417, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456\u043a \u041c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0430) \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0445 pravo.by \u0456 \u0434\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0421\u041c\u0406 \u045e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0435, \u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u041c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0456 \u043f\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0426\u0412\u041a; \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f\u0446\u044c \u0443 \u0442\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0446\u0435.<\/p>\r\n

\u042f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u0443\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044b\u044f \u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0451\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456, \u0434\u0437\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b\u043a\u0430: \u0430\u043a\u043d\u043e \u00b1200 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e, \u0430\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0456\u043c\u044b (\u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u00bb, \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0445\u00bb) \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0447\u043d\u044b \u0430\u0431\u2019\u0451\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446\u044b. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u045e 4,6 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0437\u0430 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044f\u2013\u0436\u043d\u0456\u045e\u043d\u044f. \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0447\u044b\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0430 1000 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e\u043d\u044b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u045e\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446\u044b.<\/p>\r\n

\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d.<\/strong> \u0420\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044d\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u044d\u0440\u044b\u044f\u043b\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0437 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044d\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456. \u0412\u044b\u043d\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u044f \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0431\u044b \u0434\u0430\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0446\u044b 15 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 (6 018 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u045e), \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0456 \u0440\u044d\u0439\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0433 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430\u045e \u043f\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0430 \u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u044b 17 \u0436\u043d\u0456\u045e\u043d\u044f (5 952 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u044b), \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u044d\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u045e \u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u044b 2 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044f. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0456 \u043f\u0430 \u044f\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044b, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u045e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0447\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u045e. \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u045e \u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u044d\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u045e, \u043b\u0456\u043a \u043f\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0436\u0430\u043d\u044b. \u041c\u0435\u0436\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0451\u043d\u0430\u045e: geoBoundaries (CC-BY).<\/p>\r\n

\u041a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446\u044b.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u044e\u043d\u00bb \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 5 497 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044b\u044f\u0445 \u0437 73 \u043a\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0456\u0446; 1 077 \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0432\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043b\u0443\u0447\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0439. \u0414\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u044b\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u045e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0446\u044b \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043a, \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044f\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u044b\u0456. \u041c\u0430\u043b. 6 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0443 Belarus Brief.<\/p>\r\n

\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442.<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043d\u044b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442 \u0443\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044b\u044f \u0437 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0445 TikTok (\u0432\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 Exolyt, 17 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430) \u0456 TGStat (51 \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u045e Telegram, \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0447\u043d\u0456\u043a 2025 \u2013 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0456\u043a 2026). \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0447\u044b\u043a \u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u045e; \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0456\u043c\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0456\u0446\u044c, \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430.<\/p>\r\n

\u0406\u0434\u044d\u043d\u0442\u044b\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u045e \u0437 \u0440\u044d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0456 \u0437 \u043a\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 \u0437 \u043f\u0441\u0435\u045e\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0446\u0446\u0430.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n","_bel_post_name":"four_instruments","_bel_post_excerpt":"","_bel_post_title":"\u0427\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044b \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b","_lt_post_content":"

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2026 m. liepos 15 d. Mogiliovo Lenino rajono teismas pripa\u017eino svetain\u0119 eu4belarus.info \u201eekstremistine med\u017eiaga\u201c. Tai Europos S\u0105jungos finansuojamos programos EU4Belarus svetain\u0117. Tame pa\u010diame sprendime atsid\u016br\u0117 ir \u0161i\u0105 program\u0105 administruojan\u010dios Lietuvos Centrin\u0117s projekt\u0173 valdymo agent\u016bros (cpva.lt) svetain\u0117 bei agent\u016bros puslapiai \u201eLinkedIn\u201c ir \u201eX\u201c tinkluose.<\/p>\r\n

Nuo tos dienos bet kuris Baltarusijos gyventojas, persiunt\u0119s \u0161i\u0173 i\u0161tekli\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0105, rizikuoja bauda, vie\u0161aisiais darbais arba are\u0161tu iki 15 par\u0173, o telefonas, i\u0161 kurio ja pasidalyta, konfiskuojamas. Agent\u016bros niekas neinformavo. Skaitytojo niekas ne\u012fsp\u0117jo.<\/p>\r\n

Taip Baltarusijoje atrodo tai, k\u0105 tarptautin\u0117se konferencijose vadina \u201edezinformacijos poveikiu pilietinei visuomenei\u201c. Pagrindinis dezinformacijos veik\u0117jas, veikiantis prie\u0161 Baltarusijos nevyriausybines organizacijas, yra pati valstyb\u0117. Ji turi keturis \u012frankius: atima \u017eod\u012f, prilipdo etiket\u0119, priima \u012fstatym\u0105 ir persekioja \u0161altinius. Kiekvien\u0105 j\u0173 galima i\u0161matuoti. Toliau tai darome FORESIGHT tekstyne: apie 6,7 mln. Baltarusijos valstybin\u0117s ir nepriklausomos \u017einiasklaidos, \u201eTelegram\u201c ir \u201eYouTube\u201c dokument\u0173.<\/p>\r\nPirmasis \u012frankis: \u017eodis<\/strong>\r\n

Prie\u0161 kovodama su pilietine visuomene, valstyb\u0117 pasisavino pa\u010di\u0105 s\u0105vok\u0105.<\/p>\r\n

Atsek\u0117me visus \u017eod\u017ei\u0173 junginio \u201epilietin\u0117 visuomen\u0117\u201c (rus. \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e) vartojimo atvejus Baltarusijos \u017einiasklaidoje nuo 2021 m. sausio iki 2026 m. rugs\u0117jo: 16 780 dokument\u0173. Kiekvienam valstybin\u0117s \u017einiasklaidos dokumentui nustat\u0117me r\u0117m\u0105. Re\u017eimo r\u0117me \u201epilietin\u0117 visuomen\u0117\u201c rei\u0161kia provyriausybines organizacijas, Visos Baltarusijos liaudies susirinkim\u0105 (VBLS) ir \u201ekonstruktyvi\u0105sias j\u0117gas\u201c. Nepriklausomame r\u0117me tai \u017emogaus teisi\u0173 gyn\u0117jai, nepriklausomos iniciatyvos, politiniai kaliniai. Pakeitimo indeksas rodo re\u017eimo r\u0117mo dal\u012f tarp dokument\u0173, kuriuose r\u0117m\u0105 galima nustatyti.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"1\r\n

1 pav. Pakeitimo indeksas: valstybin\u0117s \u017einiasklaidos dokument\u0173, kuriuose \u201epilietin\u0117 visuomen\u0117\u201c vartojama re\u017eimo r\u0117me, dalis.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

2021 m. indeksas laik\u0117si 79 % lygyje. Tuomet s\u0105voka dar buvo puolama tiesiai. Prasid\u0117jus karui, 2022 m. indeksas i\u0161augo iki 95 %, o v\u0117liau iki 98\u201399 %. Nuo to laiko jis nenukrito \u017eemiau 89 %: devyni i\u0161 de\u0161imties \u201epilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s\u201c pamin\u0117jim\u0173 valstybin\u0117je \u017einiasklaidoje rei\u0161kia valstyb\u0117s sukurtas arba pripa\u017eintas organizacijas.<\/p>\r\n

Svarbiau u\u017e pat\u012f lyg\u012f yra tai, kaip pasikeit\u0117 \u017eod\u017eiai, kuriais tas pakeitimas atliekamas.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"2\r\n

2 pav. Pakeitimo \u017eymen\u0173 pasiskirstymas valstybin\u0117je \u017einiasklaidoje pagal grupes.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

2021 m. pirm\u0105j\u012f pusmet\u012f 77 % pakeitimo \u017eymen\u0173 k\u016br\u0117 prie\u0161o \u012fvaizd\u012f: \u201evadinamoji pilietin\u0117 visuomen\u0117\u201c, \u201epenktoji kolona\u201c, \u201eprotest\u0173 finansavimas\u201c. 2022 m. antr\u0105j\u012f pusmet\u012f pagrindin\u0119 viet\u0105 u\u017e\u0117m\u0117 teisinis statusas: posakis \u201epilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s subjektai\u201c ir artimi jam \u017eod\u017eiai sudar\u0117 44 % \u017eymen\u0173, 2023 m. pirm\u0105j\u012f pusmet\u012f 66 %, 2024 m. 60 %.<\/p>\r\n

Teisinis \u017eodynas at\u0117jo paskui teis\u0117s akt\u0173 grandin\u0119. Konstitucijos pataisos, pateiktos 2022 m. vasario 27 d. referendumui, \u012fved\u0117 3\u00b9 skyri\u0173 apie Visos Baltarusijos liaudies susirinkim\u0105, o tarp jo delegat\u0173 \u012fvardyti \u201epilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s atstovai\u201c. Kas b\u016btent, nustat\u0117 du 2023 m. vasario \u012fstatymai. Vasario 7 d. re\u017eimo vadovas pasira\u0161\u0117<\/a> \u012fstatym\u0105 Nr. 248-Z \u201eD\u0117l Visos Baltarusijos liaudies susirinkimo\u201c, ir pilietinei visuomenei susirinkime skirta iki 400 viet\u0173<\/a>. Vasario 14 d. pasirod\u0117 \u012fstatymas Nr. 250-Z \u201eD\u0117l pilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s pagrind\u0173\u201c. Teisingumo ministerijos teigimu, jis \u012fved\u0117 \u201em\u016bs\u0173 teis\u0117s sistemai naujas s\u0105vokas\u201c<\/a>: \u201epilietin\u0117 visuomen\u0117\u201c ir \u201epilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s subjektai\u201c.<\/p>\r\n

\u012estatymas skiria pilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s subjektus apskritai ir tuos, kurie turi teis\u0119 \u012f \u201eypatingas s\u0105veikos formas\u201c su valstybe. Svarbiausia i\u0161 \u0161i\u0173 form\u0173 yra VBLS delegat\u0173 rinkimas. Patvirtinti toki\u0105 teis\u0119 pavesta Teisingumo ministerijai, o kriterijus<\/a> atitinka tik did\u017eiausios strukt\u016bros: respublikinis visuomeninis susivienijimas su sri\u010di\u0173 ir Minsko organizacijomis ir ne ma\u017eiau kaip 100 t\u016bkst. pilname\u010di\u0173 nari\u0173, o profesini\u0173 s\u0105jung\u0173 atveju susivienijimas, jungiantis ne ma\u017eiau kaip pus\u0119 vis\u0173 \u0161alyje \u012fregistruot\u0173 profesini\u0173 s\u0105jung\u0173. 2023 m. gegu\u017e\u0119 Teisingumo ministerija pri\u0117m\u0117 sprendim\u0105<\/a> priskirti pilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s subjektams, \u201eturintiems teis\u0119 s\u0105veikauti su valstyb\u0117s institucijomis (organizacijomis) ypatingomis formomis\u201c, penkias organizacijas: respublikin\u012f visuomenin\u012f susivienijim\u0105 \u201eBelaja Rus\u201c, Baltarusijos visuomenin\u012f veteran\u0173 susivienijim\u0105, visuomeninius susivienijimus \u201eBaltarusijos respublikin\u0117 jaunimo s\u0105junga\u201c ir \u201eBaltarusijos moter\u0173 s\u0105junga\u201c bei Baltarusijos profesini\u0173 s\u0105jung\u0173 federacij\u0105. Visos penkios yra provyriausybin\u0117s, kaip i\u0161 karto pasteb\u0117jo \u201eZerkalo\u201c<\/a>, ir b\u016btent jos 2024 m. rinko<\/a> pilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s delegatus.<\/p>\r\n

Prane\u0161dama apie sprendim\u0105 2023 m. gegu\u017e\u0117s 22 d., ministerija i\u0161vardijo tokios s\u0105veikos u\u017edavinius<\/a>. Pirmasis yra \u201epilietin\u0117s (liaudies) vienyb\u0117s u\u017etikrinimas\u201c, toliau \u201enepriklausomyb\u0117s, valstyb\u0117s suvereniteto ir teritorinio vientisumo u\u017etikrinimas\u201c, \u201ekonstruktyvios s\u0105veikos\u2026 siekiant stiprinti pasitik\u0117jim\u0105 valstyb\u0117s vald\u017eios institucijomis organizavimas\u201c, patriotinis ugdymas, grind\u017eiamas \u201eistorin\u0117s tiesos ir baltarusi\u0173 tautos atminties i\u0161saugojimu\u201c, ir \u201evieningos bendrijos \u201abaltarusi\u0173 tauta\u2018 stiprinimas\u201c. Vald\u017eios kontrol\u0117s \u0161iame s\u0105ra\u0161e n\u0117ra. Pilietinei visuomenei skirtas valstyb\u0117s atramos vaidmuo. I\u0161 s\u0105vokos nustota \u0161aipytis: ji perra\u0161yta \u012fstatyme.<\/p>\r\n

V\u0117liau pakeitimas pateko \u012f saugumo dokumentus. Atnaujintoje Nacionalinio saugumo koncepcijoje, kuri\u0105 VBLS patvirtino 2024 m. baland\u012f<\/a>, vidiniu gr\u0117smi\u0173 \u0161altiniu politin\u0117je srityje \u012fvardytas<\/a> \u201enepakankamas nacionalinius interesus atitinkan\u010dios pilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s subjekt\u0173 i\u0161sivystymo lygis\u201c. S\u0105ra\u0161as vis d\u0117lto paliktas atviras: 2024 m. kov\u0105 re\u017eimo vadovas pasi\u016bl\u0117<\/a> \u0161io klausimo neu\u017edaryti, nes \u201egalb\u016bt atsiras nauj\u0173 pilietin\u0117s visuomen\u0117s subjekt\u0173\u201c. Kas bus \u012ftrauktas \u012f s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105 kitas, sprend\u017eia Teisingumo ministerija.<\/p>\r\n

Yra ir kita pus\u0117. Nepriklausoma \u017einiasklaida vis da\u017eniau vartoja \u0161i\u0105 s\u0105vok\u0105 tik savo r\u0117me: nuo 88 % 2021 m. prad\u017eioje iki 93\u201396 % 2025\u20132026 m. Neutrali\u0173 vartojimo atvej\u0173 dalis joje suma\u017e\u0117jo nuo 56 % iki 39\u201341 %. Dvi Baltarusijos informacin\u0117s erdv\u0117s dalys tuo pa\u010diu \u017eod\u017eiu kalba apie skirtingus dalykus, ir bendros kalbos joms beveik nebeliko.<\/p>\r\nAntrasis \u012frankis: etiket\u0117<\/strong>\r\n

Tuos, kurie i\u0161vyko i\u0161 Baltarusijos po 2020 m., valstybin\u0117 retorika vadina \u201eb\u0117gliais\u201c (rus. \u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0435). \u017dod\u017eio istorij\u0105 ir tekstyno duomenis i\u0161samiai aptar\u0117me rugs\u0117j\u012f: \u201e\u0411\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0435\u201c: \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u044f<\/a> (rus\u0173 k.). \u010cia svarbu kas kita: kaip etiket\u0117 \u012fsilieja \u012f grandin\u0119.<\/p>\r\n

M\u016bs\u0173 tekstyne etiket\u0119 pirmasis pavartojo anoniminis provyriausybinis \u201eTelegram\u201c kanalas \u201eBelarus i Mir\u201c 2020 m. rugs\u0117jo 7 d. Lapkri\u010dio 10 d. \u017eod\u012f vie\u0161ai i\u0161tar\u0117 re\u017eimo vadovas, t\u0105 pa\u010di\u0105 dien\u0105 j\u012f pasigavo BelTA, CTV ir \u201eSB. Belarus Segodnya\u201c, o nuo lapkri\u010dio 17 d. jis pateko \u012f valstybin\u0117s agent\u016bros antra\u0161tes. 2021 m. saus\u012f valstybin\u0117 \u017einiasklaida j\u012f pavartojo 189 dokumentuose, ir 168 i\u0161 j\u0173 jau be nuorodos \u012f re\u017eimo vadov\u0105, savo redakciniu balsu. Anoniminis kanalas, pirmasis asmuo, redakcinis straipsnis: kiekvienas \u017eingsnis u\u017etruko apie du m\u0117nesius. Taip atrodo etiket\u0117s plovimas.<\/p>\r\n

Etiket\u0117 apauga \u017eodynu. Kontekst\u0173, kuriuose \u0161alia \u201eb\u0117gli\u0173\u201c vartojama \u017eeminanti leksika, dalis i\u0161augo nuo 9 % 2020 m. iki 24 % 2026 m. Da\u017eniausiai \u0161alia atsiduria \u201ezmagarai\u201c (niekinamas opozicijos aktyvist\u0173 pavadinimas), \u201eekstremistai\u201c, \u201ei\u0161davikai\u201c, \u201emarionet\u0117s\u201c.<\/p>\r\n

Po 2025 m. sausio rinkim\u0173 etiket\u0117 gr\u012f\u017eo ten, i\u0161 kur at\u0117jo.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"3\r\n

3 pav. Dokumentai su etikete \u201eb\u0117gliai\u201c, tenkantys 1 000 \u0161altinio dokument\u0173.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Skai\u010diuojant t\u016bkstan\u010diui dokument\u0173, CTV suma\u017eino da\u017en\u012f nuo 15 iki 8, \u201eSB. Belarus Segodnya\u201c nuo 5,4 iki 2,8, BelTA nuo 4,6 iki 2,3, \u201eGrodnenskaya Pravda\u201c nuo 36 iki 11. \u0160i\u0173 leidini\u0173 publikacij\u0173 apimtis nepasikeit\u0117, pasikeit\u0117 \u017eodynas. Anoniminis kanalas \u201eZheltye Slivy Belarus\u201c per t\u0105 pat\u012f laik\u0105 pakilo nuo 98 iki 186 t\u016bkstan\u010diui \u012fra\u0161\u0173: etiket\u0117 yra beveik kas penktame \u012fra\u0161e. Oficialusis balsas atsitrauk\u0117, anoniminis sluoksnis dirba u\u017e j\u012f, ir u\u017e formuluotes ten niekas neatsako.<\/p>\r\n

Etiket\u0119 skleid\u017eia ir tie, kurie jai prie\u0161inasi. Ma\u017edaug pus\u0117 \u201eb\u0117gli\u0173\u201c pamin\u0117jim\u0173 nepriklausomoje \u017einiasklaidoje yra re\u017eimo vadovo citatos.<\/p>\r\n

Apie tas pa\u010dias etiketes \u201eTikTok\u201c platformoje ra\u0161\u0117me 2025 m. liep\u0105: Toksi\u0161kos Baltarusijos \u201eTikTok\u201c grota\u017eym\u0117s<\/a> (rus\u0173 k.).<\/p>\r\nTre\u010diasis \u012frankis: \u012fstatymas<\/strong>\r\n

Informacijos ministerija tvarko Respublikin\u012f ekstremistin\u0117s med\u017eiagos s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105. Surinkome ir i\u0161analizavome j\u012f vis\u0105: kiekvien\u0105 \u012fra\u0161\u0105 nuo 2008 m.<\/p>\r\n

Kas gresia skaitytojui.<\/strong> U\u017e s\u0105ra\u0161e esan\u010dios med\u017eiagos platinim\u0105, taip pat jos gaminim\u0105, laikym\u0105 ir gabenim\u0105 platinimo tikslu baud\u017eiama pagal Administracini\u0173 teis\u0117s pa\u017eeidim\u0173 kodekso 19.11 straipsnio 2 dal\u012f: bauda nuo 10 iki 30 bazini\u0173 dyd\u017ei\u0173, vie\u0161ieji darbai arba are\u0161tas iki 15 par\u0173, \u012frenginys konfiskuojamas. Teismai platinimu laiko pasidalijim\u0105 ir persiuntim\u0105. 2023 m. Bresto Maskvos rajono teismas skyr\u0117 12 par\u0173 are\u0161to u\u017e 30 \u201epatiktuk\u0173\u201c \u201eYouTube\u201c<\/a>: pagal sprendimo logik\u0105, patiktukai kelia kanalo reiting\u0105. Pats skaitymas, teisinink\u0173 teigimu<\/a>, pagal \u012fstatymo raid\u0119 nebaud\u017eiamas.<\/p>\r\n

Mastas.<\/strong> 2026 m. rugs\u0117jo duomenimis, s\u0105ra\u0161e yra 6 018 teismo sprendim\u0173, kuriuos pri\u0117m\u0117 159 teismai. \u012erankis egzistuoja nuo 2008 m., bet iki 2020 m. buvo taikomas retai: 36 sprendimai 2016 m., 22 sprendimai 2019 m., 19 sprendim\u0173 2020 m. Ta\u010diau 2021 m. j\u0173 buvo jau 427, 2024 m. 1 462, o per pirmuosius septynis su puse 2026 m. m\u0117nesi\u0173 977. Tokius sprendimus priiman\u010di\u0173 teism\u0173 skai\u010dius i\u0161augo nuo septyni\u0173 2020 m. iki 85\u2013112 per metus.<\/p>\r\n

Be teis\u0117s \u012f pauz\u0119.<\/strong> 96,9 % sprendim\u0173 \u012fsigalioja j\u0173 pri\u0117mimo dien\u0105: n\u0117ra laiko tarpo, kai med\u017eiaga dar teis\u0117ta ir sprendim\u0105 galima apsk\u0173sti. Anks\u010diau tarp sprendimo ir jo \u012fsigaliojimo vidutini\u0161kai praeidavo 12 dien\u0173, ma\u017edaug tiek trunka apskundimo terminas. Pirmasis sprendimas, vykdytinas nedelsiant, pasirod\u0117 2020 m. spal\u012f, 2021 m. kov\u0105 toki\u0173 sprendim\u0173 buvo jau daugiau nei \u012fprast\u0173, o nuo 2021 m. baland\u017eio kitoki\u0173 beveik neliko. Kovos su ekstremizmu patais\u0173 paketas buvo pasira\u0161ytas tik 2021 m. gegu\u017e\u0119. Teismai per\u0117jo prie naujos praktikos anks\u010diau, nei j\u0105 \u012fformino \u012fstatymas.<\/p>\r\n

Geografija.<\/strong> Bent vienas sprendimas priimtas kiekviename i\u0161 118 \u0161alies rajon\u0173. Ta\u010diau kr\u016bvis pasiskirst\u0119s labai netolygiai.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"4\r\n

4 pav. Sprendimai pripa\u017einti med\u017eiag\u0105 ekstremistine pagal rajonus.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\r\n\"5\r\n

5 pav. 13 rajon\u0173 i\u0161 118 tenka du tre\u010ddaliai sprendim\u0173.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Labiausiai apkrauti teismai yra ne tik srities centruose. Vienintelis Molode\u010dno rajono teismas pri\u0117m\u0117 236 sprendimus, ma\u017edaug dvide\u0161imt kart\u0173 daugiau nei medianinis rajonas. Baranovi\u010diai, Puchovi\u010di\u0173 rajonas ir Minsko rajonas lenkia dal\u012f srities centr\u0173. Devyni i\u0161 dvide\u0161imties aktyviausi\u0173 teism\u0173 yra Minsko srityje.<\/p>\r\n

U\u017esienio i\u0161tekliai.<\/strong> 288 sprendimai susij\u0119 su u\u017esienio svetain\u0117mis, juos pri\u0117m\u0117 41 teismas. Tarp j\u0173 EU4Belarus ir Lietuvos agent\u016bra, EUvsDisinfo (ES kovos su dezinformacija tarnyba), \u201eEuronews\u201c, Lenkijos spaudos agent\u016bra, Estijos \u201ePostimees\u201c, Tarptautin\u0117s \u017emogaus teisi\u0173 draugijos, Human Rights House Foundation, FIDH ir Nobelio taikos premijos laureato Ukrainos Pilietini\u0173 laisvi\u0173 centro \u201eInstagram\u201c paskyros. Per visus metus daugiausia toki\u0173 sprendim\u0173 priimta Minske, bet 2026 m. \u0161is darbas persik\u0117l\u0117: 37 % \u0161i\u0173 met\u0173 sprendim\u0173 d\u0117l u\u017esienio i\u0161tekli\u0173 pri\u0117m\u0117 Mogiliovo srities teismai, pirmiausia Mogiliovo Lenino rajono ir Gork\u0173 rajono teismai.<\/p>\r\n

Registras negali pasiekti n\u0117 vieno u\u017esienyje. Jis nutraukia ry\u0161\u012f Baltarusijos gyventojo pus\u0117je: kontaktas su u\u017esienio organizacija tampa baud\u017eiamas \u0161alies viduje. Freedom House \u0161\u012f mechanizm\u0105 apib\u016bdina kaip prievart\u0105 per artimuosius (coercion by proxy), vien\u0105 i\u0161 transnacionalini\u0173 represij\u0173 form\u0173. \u010cia jis i\u0161matuotas.<\/p>\r\n

Pie\u0161tuku ra\u0161ytas registras.<\/strong> Sprendimo \u012fsigaliojimo data \u012f registr\u0105 \u012fvedama rankiniu b\u016bdu. 2026 m. rugpj\u016bt\u012f 75 \u012fra\u0161uose i\u0161 31 teismo \u0161i data vienu paketu buvo pakeista \u012f rugpj\u016b\u010dio 17 d., paslinkus j\u0105 iki m\u0117nesio, o rugs\u0117j\u012f taip pat tyliai gr\u0105\u017einta atgal. \u012e paket\u0105 pateko ir u\u017esienio i\u0161tekliai, tarp j\u0173 EUvsDisinfo ir eu4belarus.info. I\u0161 vie\u0161o registro pilietis negali nustatyti, ar med\u017eiaga konkre\u010di\u0105 dien\u0105 buvo u\u017edrausta, nors atsakomyb\u0117 skai\u010diuojama b\u016btent nuo \u0161ios datos. Atvirk\u0161tinio jud\u0117jimo beveik n\u0117ra: per a\u0161tuoniolika met\u0173 panaikinti \u0161e\u0161i \u012fra\u0161ai, 0,1 % s\u0105ra\u0161o. Daugiau apie tai m\u016bs\u0173 straipsni\u0173 cikle apie registr\u0105.<\/p>\r\nKetvirtasis \u012frankis: \u0161altiniai<\/strong>\r\n

Ketvirtasis \u012frankis nukreiptas \u012f tuos, kurie organizacijas apr\u016bpina informacija.<\/p>\r\n

\u201eBelaruski Hajun\u201c buvo pilietinis Rusijos kariuomen\u0117s jud\u0117jimo per Baltarusij\u0105 steb\u0117senos projektas. Paprasti \u017emon\u0117s siunt\u0117 jam tai, k\u0105 mat\u0117 pro lang\u0105. I\u0161 5 497 publikacij\u0173 73 \u0161altiniuose surinkome visus prane\u0161imus apie su projektu susijus\u012f persekiojim\u0105. Nustatyti 212 \u017emoni\u0173, i\u0161 j\u0173 188 pagal vard\u0105, o 183 jau nuteisti; \u201eViasna\u201c 2026 m. vasario 24 d. nurod\u0117 ne ma\u017eiau kaip 183 kaltinamuosius. Did\u017eiausia grup\u0117 pagal veiklos srit\u012f yra IT specialistai, 28 \u017emon\u0117s; buv\u0119 kari\u0161kiai ir j\u0117gos strukt\u016br\u0173 darbuotojai yra tre\u010dioje vietoje, 14 \u017emoni\u0173. Did\u017eiausia am\u017eiaus grup\u0117 yra 30\u201339 met\u0173: 60 i\u0161 162 \u017emoni\u0173, kuri\u0173 am\u017eius \u017einomas. 28 % persekiojam\u0173j\u0173 sudaro moterys. Tre\u010ddalis vis\u0173 byl\u0173 tenka Gomelio sri\u010diai, kurioje buvo dislokuota kariuomen\u0117: 57 \u017emon\u0117s, 4,29 i\u0161 100 t\u016bkst. gyventoj\u0173. Vidutin\u0117s bausm\u0117s pagal regionus yra nuo 3 iki 3,75 met\u0173, u\u017e aki\u0173 skirtos bausm\u0117s siekia 20 met\u0173.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"6\r\n

6 pav. Publikacijos apie \u201eHajun\u201c pagal baud\u017eiamojo proceso leksik\u0105, 2025 m. vasaris \u2013 2026 m. liepa.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

2025 m. vasar\u012f \u012f projekto bot\u0105 buvo \u012fsilau\u017eta, \u201eHajun\u201c u\u017esidar\u0117 ir prasid\u0117jo sulaikym\u0173 banga: 351 publikacija per m\u0117nes\u012f. Paskui stojo tyla: sulaikytieji s\u0117d\u0117jo tardymo izoliatoriuje, nebuvo apie k\u0105 ra\u0161yti. Nuosprend\u017ei\u0173 banga at\u0117jo po keturiolikos m\u0117nesi\u0173, 2026 m. baland\u012f: 495 publikacijos su nuosprend\u017eio ir kolonijos leksika. Abi faz\u0117s nepersidengia, jos eina paeiliui.<\/p>\r\n

Atgrasomasis poveikis ir yra rezultatas. Centralizuotos nepriklausomos karin\u0117s veiklos steb\u0117senos Baltarusijoje neb\u0117ra. Tas pats intervalas, pritaikytas Europos humanitarinio universiteto (EHU) student\u0173 kratoms 2026 m. bir\u017eel\u012f, rodo nuosprend\u017ei\u0173 bang\u0105 tarp 2027 m. bir\u017eelio ir 2028 m. sausio, grei\u010diausiai apie 2027 m. rugpj\u016bt\u012f. \u0160i\u0105 prognoz\u0119 patikrinsime 2027 m. gruod\u017eio 31 d. I\u0161samiau: The Hajun case has a map and a clock<\/a>.<\/p>\r\nLy\u010di\u0173 sluoksnis<\/strong>\r\n

Tie patys kanalai, kurie lipdo etiketes, gamina lytimi grind\u017eiam\u0105 skaitmenin\u012f smurt\u0105. Rugs\u0117j\u012f i\u0161analizavome 2 671 tok\u012f dokument\u0105. Kai dokumentas pats yra smurto aktas (asmens duomen\u0173 pavie\u0161inimas, seksualizuota klastot\u0117, ty\u010diojimasis i\u0161 aukos, priverstinis \u201eatgailos\u201c vaizdo \u012fra\u0161as), 99 % atvej\u0173 jis kyla i\u0161 valstybinio arba provyriausybinio segmento. Masi\u0161kiausios formos, 850 priverstin\u0117s atgailos vaizdo \u012fra\u0161\u0173, tarptautin\u0117se tipologijose apskritai n\u0117ra. I\u0161samiau: The State as Perpetrator<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

Vienas naujas atvejis rodo, kaip toli gali nueiti \u0161is mechanizmas. Buvusi politin\u0117 kalin\u0117, pasak jos, kankinama, \u012fkalinimo vietoje pasira\u0161\u0117 sutikim\u0105 bendradarbiauti su KGB ir gavo operatyvin\u012f slapyvard\u012f. Atsid\u016brusi u\u017esienyje, ji vie\u0161ai atsisak\u0117 \u0161io \u012fsipareigojimo. Po keturi\u0173 dien\u0173 anonimin\u0117 \u201eTikTok\u201c paskyra prad\u0117jo skelbti vaizdo \u012fra\u0161us \u201eagent\u0117s\u201c vardu su tuo slapyvard\u017eiu ir jos veidu: \u201eagent\u0117\u201c neva atsiskaito \u201eCentrui\u201c apie Baltarusijos emigrantus, \u017eurnalistus ir organizacijas.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n\"7\r\n

7 pav. Kiekvieno anonimin\u0117s paskyros vaizdo \u012fra\u0161o per\u017ei\u016bros; \u017ealsvai geltoni: \u012fra\u0161ai \u201eagent\u0117s\u201c vardu.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Paskyra sukurta 2025 m. saus\u012f, pra\u0117jus dviem dienoms po rinkim\u0173. Pirmuosius du vaizdo \u012fra\u0161us ji skyr\u0117 dviem opozicijos politikams vyrams: sugeneruoti vaizdai, kuriuose jie neva sveikina re\u017eimo vadov\u0105 su pergale. Tai daugiausia per\u017ei\u016br\u0173 surink\u0119 paskyros \u012fra\u0161ai, 69 ir 17 t\u016bkst. per\u017ei\u016br\u0173. Prie vyr\u0173 paskyra daugiau nebegr\u012f\u017eo. I\u0161 45 v\u0117lesni\u0173 \u012fra\u0161\u0173 44 paskelbti \u201eagent\u0117s\u201c vardu. Kartu jie surinko apie 144 t\u016bkst. per\u017ei\u016br\u0173, medianinis \u012fra\u0161as apie t\u016bkstant\u012f. \u0160iuose \u201eprane\u0161imuose\u201c taikiniai turi savo pravardes, ir viena i\u0161 j\u0173 seksualizuota.<\/p>\r\n

Per\u017ei\u016br\u0173 \u0161uoliai sutampa su \u012fra\u0161ais anoniminiuose \u201enutekinim\u0173\u201c \u201eTelegram\u201c kanaluose. Radome 51 pamin\u0117jim\u0105, daugiausia tame pa\u010diame kanal\u0173 klasteryje, kuris 2025 m. baland\u012f skleid\u0117 seksualizuotas klastotes apie televizijos laid\u0173 ved\u0117j\u0105. Komentaruose po \u012fra\u0161ais piktd\u017eiugi\u0161kai \u0161aipomasi i\u0161 emigrant\u0173 apskritai, o pati nukent\u0117jusioji minima retai. Masin\u0117s auditorijos paskyra neturi. Ji dirba savo auditorijai ir \u012ftvirtina vien\u0105 \u012ftarim\u0105: bet kuris paleistasis gali pasirodyti es\u0105s agentas.<\/p>\r\n

\u010cia klastojamas lojalumas. Veidas tikras, slapyvardis tikras, ir visa konstrukcija laikosi ant pa\u010dios prievartos: at\u0161auktas para\u0161as v\u0117l ir v\u0117l pateikiamas kaip prie\u0161ingo dalyko \u012frodymas. Tokios formos n\u0117ra n\u0117 vienoje mums \u017einomoje skaitmeninio smurto tipologijoje. Ly\u010di\u0173 dimensija matyti i\u0161 asimetrijos: dviem vyrams teko po vien\u0105 vaizd\u0105, o moteriai, kurios para\u0161as gautas \u012fkalinimo vietoje, pusantr\u0173 met\u0173 reguliari\u0173 \u201eprane\u0161im\u0173\u201c. Neskelbiame nukent\u0117jusiosios vardo, jos slapyvard\u017eio ir paskyros pavadinimo.<\/p>\r\n

\r\nI\u0161vados<\/strong>\r\n

1. \u012erankiai veikia paeiliui.<\/strong> Pirmiausia pasikei\u010dia \u017eod\u017eio reik\u0161m\u0117, tada atsiranda etiket\u0117, po to \u012fstatymas, ir tik tada persekiojimas. Kai \u201epilietin\u0117 visuomen\u0117\u201c jau rei\u0161kia provyriausybines organizacijas, nepriklausomieji beveik automati\u0161kai tampa \u201eekstremistais\u201c.<\/p>\r\n

2. Praktika lenkia norm\u0105.<\/strong> Etiket\u0117 \u201eb\u0117gliai\u201c nuo anoniminio kanalo iki redakcinio balso nukeliavo per keturis m\u0117nesius. Teismai \u0117m\u0117 nedelsiant vykdyti sprendimus d\u0117l \u201eekstremistin\u0117s med\u017eiagos\u201c keliais m\u0117nesiais anks\u010diau, nei tai \u012fformino \u012fstatymas. Ankstyv\u0173j\u0173 persp\u0117jim\u0173 verta ie\u0161koti anoniminiuose kanaluose ir teism\u0173 praktikoje: oficial\u016bs parei\u0161kimai ateina paskutiniai.<\/p>\r\n

3. Anoniminis sluoksnis yra ir laboratorija, ir atsarginis balsas.<\/strong> Ten etiket\u0117 gimsta ir ten gr\u012f\u017eta, kai oficialiajai \u017einiasklaidai tampa nepatogi. Ten pat gaminamas lytimi grind\u017eiamas smurtas ir lojalumo klastot\u0117s. U\u017e formuluotes \u0161iame sluoksnyje niekas neatsako.<\/p>\r\n

4. Sm\u016bgis tenka skaitytojui ir \u0161altiniui.<\/strong> Registras nepasiekia organizacijos u\u017esienyje, bet padaro baud\u017eiam\u0105 kontakt\u0105 su ja \u0161alies viduje. \u201eHajun\u201c byla rodo, koki\u0105 kain\u0105 moka \u0161altiniai: 212 \u017emoni\u0173.<\/p>\r\n

5. \u012erankiai perkeliami, bet jie turi tvarkara\u0161t\u012f.<\/strong> Registre jau yra ES programa ir ES valstyb\u0117s agent\u016bra, tad kitas gali b\u016bti bet kuris regiono donor\u0173 projektas. Ta\u010diau mechanizmas i\u0161matuojamas: \u201eHajun\u201c \u201elaikrodis\u201c leid\u017eia prognozuoti EHU student\u0173 byl\u0105, o \u017eod\u017ei\u0173 ir etike\u010di\u0173 steb\u0117sena suteikia laiko pasiruo\u0161ti.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\nK\u0105 tai rei\u0161kia regiono organizacijoms<\/strong>\r\n

Baltarusijos istorija lie\u010dia ne tik Baltarusijos organizacijas.<\/p>\r\n

Patikrinkite, ar nepatekote \u012f s\u0105ra\u0161us.<\/strong> Jei dirbate su baltarusi\u0173 auditorija ar Baltarusijos partneriais, j\u016bs\u0173 svetain\u0117 ar paskyra gali atsidurti registre be jokio prane\u0161imo. Rizik\u0105 prisiima j\u016bs\u0173 skaitytojas. FactCheck.LT nemokamai tikrina organizacij\u0173 domenus ir paskyras pagal registr\u0105.<\/p>\r\n

Donor\u0173 projektai jau tapo precedentu.<\/strong> ES programos ir ES \u0161alies valstyb\u0117s agent\u016bra \u012ftrauktos \u012f registr\u0105. Tai \u0161ablonas bet kuriam donor\u0173 projektui bet kurioje \u0161alyje, kuri perima \u0161\u012f \u012frank\u012f.<\/p>\r\n

Nekalb\u0117kite re\u017eimo \u017eod\u017eiais.<\/strong> Ginkite savo \u017eodyn\u0105: \u201epilietin\u0117 visuomen\u0117\u201c, \u201epolitiniai kaliniai\u201c, \u201ei\u0161vykusieji\u201c. Nekartokite etike\u010di\u0173 net nor\u0117dami jas paneigti: pus\u0117 \u201eb\u0117gli\u0173\u201c pamin\u0117jim\u0173 nepriklausomoje \u017einiasklaidoje yra citatos.<\/p>\r\n

Steb\u0117kite anonimin\u012f sluoksn\u012f.<\/strong> Etiket\u0117 \u201eb\u0117gliai\u201c anoniminiame kanale pasirod\u0117 du m\u0117nesius prie\u0161 tai, kai j\u0105 i\u0161tar\u0117 re\u017eimo vadovas, ir keturis m\u0117nesius prie\u0161 tai, kai ji tapo redakcine. Nauj\u0173 etike\u010di\u0173 verta ie\u0161koti ten.<\/p>\r\n

Apsaugokite \u0161altinius anks\u010diau nei biur\u0105.<\/strong> Informacijos pri\u0117mim\u0105 organizuokite taip, kad \u012fsilau\u017eimas \u012f kanal\u0105 neatskleist\u0173 j\u0105 siun\u010dian\u010di\u0173 \u017emoni\u0173. I\u0161 anksto nuspr\u0119skite, ko niekada nelaikysite. Niekada nepra\u0161ykite \u017emoni\u0173 \u0161alies viduje dalytis \u012fra\u0161ais.<\/p>\r\n

Kaupkite savo archyv\u0105.<\/strong> Registrai taisomi atgaline data, publikacijos dingsta. J\u016bs\u0173 archyvas su datomis ir ekrano nuotraukomis gali tapti vieninteliu \u012frodymu. Kanalai regioniniai, taikiniai vietiniai: pirmaisiais signalais dalykit\u0117s su kaimynais.<\/p>\r\nMetodas ir apribojimai<\/strong>\r\n

\r\n

Visi duomenys paimti i\u0161 FORESIGHT tekstyno (FactCheck.LT): apie 6,7 mln. Baltarusijos valstybin\u0117s ir nepriklausomos \u017einiasklaidos, \u201eTelegram\u201c ir \u201eYouTube\u201c dokument\u0173.<\/p>\r\n

\u017dodis.<\/strong> Pakeitimo indeks\u0105 apskai\u010diavo FORESIGHT agentas (3.4 versija) i\u0161 16 780 dokument\u0173 nuo 2021 m. sausio iki 2026 m. rugs\u0117jo, pusme\u010diais (2024 ir 2026 m. i\u0161tisai). 2 pav. \u012ftraukta iki 15 da\u017eniausi\u0173 kiekvienos faz\u0117s \u017eymen\u0173; 2021 ir 2025 m. \u017eymen\u0173 nedaug (13\u201339 per faz\u0119), tod\u0117l dalys ten rodo tik krypt\u012f. 2026 m. baland\u012f skelb\u0117me preliminari\u0105 indekso versij\u0105 su V formos kreive (0,78, 1,00, 0,74, 0,96). Perskai\u010diavimas i\u0161pl\u0117stame tekstyne su atnaujintu \u017eodynu jos nepatvirtina: po 2022 m. indeksas laikosi 89\u201399 % ribose. Preliminarios reik\u0161m\u0117s pakeistos.<\/p>\r\n

Teisin\u0117 grandin\u0117 (2022 m. Konstitucija, \u012fstatymai Nr. 248-Z ir Nr. 250-Z, Teisingumo ministerijos s\u0105ra\u0161as) patikrinta pagal pravo.by ir valstybin\u0117s \u017einiasklaidos naujienas tekstyne, pa\u010dios ministerijos prane\u0161im\u0105 ir Centrin\u0117s rinkim\u0173 komisijos med\u017eiag\u0105; nuorodos pateiktos tekste.<\/p>\r\n

Etiket\u0117.<\/strong> Duomenys apie \u201eb\u0117glius\u201c paimti i\u0161 rugs\u0117jo publikacijos, kurioje apra\u0161yta metodika: \u00b1200 \u017eenkl\u0173 langas, homonimai (rus. \u201e\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u201c, greitas \u017evilgsnis; \u201e\u0431\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0445\u201c, pab\u0117g\u0119s oligarchas) atmesti, da\u017eniai normuoti pagal kiekvieno \u0161altinio m\u0117nesio apimt\u012f. Tuo metu tekstyn\u0105 sudar\u0117 4,6 mln. dokument\u0173, 2026 m. duomenys apima saus\u012f\u2013rugpj\u016bt\u012f. Rodikliai, tenkantys 1 000 dokument\u0173, palyginami tik to paties \u0161altinio viduje.<\/p>\r\n

\u012estatymas.<\/strong> Ekstremistin\u0117s med\u017eiagos registras surinktas i\u0161 Informacijos ministerijos svetain\u0117s. Galutiniai skai\u010diai pateikti pagal 2026 m. rugs\u0117jo 15 d. perkrovim\u0105 (6 018 \u012fra\u0161\u0173), \u017eem\u0117lapis ir rajon\u0173 reitingas sudaryti pagal rugpj\u016b\u010dio 17 d. surinkim\u0105 (5 952 \u012fra\u0161ai), u\u017esienio i\u0161tekli\u0173 dalis pagal rugs\u0117jo 2 d. analiz\u0119. Teismai su rajonais susieti pagal ai\u0161ki\u0105 lentel\u0119, be automatinio pavadinim\u0173 derinimo. Jei viename \u012fra\u0161e \u012fvardyti keli i\u0161tekliai, skai\u010dius pagal domenus yra suma\u017eintas. Rajon\u0173 ribos: geoBoundaries (CC-BY).<\/p>\r\n

\u0160altiniai.<\/strong> Duomenys apie \u201eHajun\u201c pagr\u012fsti 5 497 publikacijomis i\u0161 73 \u0161altini\u0173; 1 077 dokumentai panaudoti informacijai apie \u017emones i\u0161gauti. \u012evyki\u0173 datos nurodytos ma\u017edaug penktadalyje pamin\u0117jim\u0173, kiti datuoti pagal publikacij\u0105. 6 pav. perpie\u0161tas pagal Belarus Brief diagram\u0105.<\/p>\r\n

Ly\u010di\u0173 sluoksnis.<\/strong> Paskyros duomenys paimti i\u0161 \u201eTikTok\u201c metaduomen\u0173 (Exolyt eksportas, 2026 m. rugs\u0117jo 17 d.) ir TGStat (51 pamin\u0117jimas \u201eTelegram\u201c, 2025 m. spalis \u2013 2026 m. balandis). Rodiklis rei\u0161kia per\u017ei\u016br\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173; kiek \u017emoni\u0173 u\u017e j\u0173 slypi, ne\u017einoma.<\/p>\r\n

Priva\u010di\u0173 paskyr\u0173 i\u0161 registro ir i\u0161 slapyvard\u017eio atvejo identifikatoriai neskelbiami.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n","_lt_post_name":"four_instruments","_lt_post_excerpt":"","_lt_post_title":"Keturi \u012frankiai","edit_language":"eng","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,6,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-analysis","category-monitoringi","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5794"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5794\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5840,"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5794\/revisions\/5840"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/factcheck.lt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}